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resistance genes, such as aph(2′′)-Ib, aph(2′′)-Ic , and aph(2′′)-Id , have been recognized among gentamicin-resistant strains. The aph(3′)-IIIa and ant(4′)-Ia genes also encode resistance to various aminoglycosides [ 7 , 8 ]. Vancomycin
Cetinkaya, Y., Falk, P., Mayhall, C. G.: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 13 , 686–707 (2000). Mayhall C. G
, K., Gacs, M.: First vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium outbreak reported in Hungary. Eur. Surveill. 10 , E010527 (2005). Gacs M. First vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus
, making it a suitable choice for the treatment of MRSA infections [ 10–13 ]. Therefore, due to the efficiency of ceftaroline in previous studies, its fewer side effects, and the increased prevalence of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) in recent
. Recently presented papers showed that overall metronidazole was inferior to vancomycin, and there is also an evidence of inferior microbiological efficacy of the previous drug [ 27 ]. In addition, Musher et al. [ 28 ] have found that metronidazole therapy
treatment options. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017; 7: 55. 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00055 . 6 Benamu E, Deresinski S. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Vardakas, K. Z., Polyzos, K. A., Patouni, K., et al.: Treatment failure and recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection following treatment with vancomycin or metronidazole: a systematic review of the evidence. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 2012, 40 , 1
Ltd, Liverpool, United Kingdom), chosen on the basis of the common susceptibility profile of the species. Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value Against staphylococci, vancomycin and oxacillin do not give reliable results with
vancomycin, ampicillin, and high-level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR). Materials and Methods Sampling Fecal swabs were collected from 287 clinically healthy dogs, which were regularly kept indoor, strictly in
. , Richter , A. , Popp , C. and Hafez , H. M. ( 2013 ): Occurrence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in turkey flocks . Poult. Sci. 92 , 346 – 351 . Szeleszczuk , P. , Dolka