long-term care facilities: a reservoir for vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2002, 34 (4), 441–446. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology: Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD
551 Patterson, J. E., Kelly, C. C.: Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as an epidemiologic tool for enterococci and streptococci. In: Fives-Taylor, P. M., Leblanc, D. J. (eds): Methods for
. & Guardabassi , L. ( 2016 ): Human health risks associated with antimicrobialresistant enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus on poultry meat . Clin. Microbiol. Infec. , 22 , 130 – 140
Hungarian Standard (1976): Húsok és húsalapú élelmiszerek mikrobiológiai vizsgálata. Enterokokkuszok számának meghatározása . (Microbiological examination of meats and meat based foods. Enumeration of enterococci.) MSZ 3640
expected, the vancomycin resistance gene cluster vanA has been acquired by these strains from vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Eleven cases of VRSA infection in the US have since been reported, with the majority from Michigan area (where seven cases were
Lauková, A., Pogány Simonová, M., Plachá, I., Strompfová, V., Cobanová, K., Szabóová, R., Chrastinová, L’.: Comparing the effect of probiotic enterococci and their enterocins in rabbits in relation to microbiological status and phagocytic activity. In
(Invitrogen, UK) and adjusted to 1 ng/μL. Then, the main bacterial groups abundant in the murine intestinal microbiota including enterobacteria, enterococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Bacteroides/Prevotella spp., Clostridium coccoides group
the same prevalence of this TA system as this study. Another study was conducted on the plasmid of 75 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) samples by Moritz and Hergenrother [ 30 ] and same results were reported. They showed in a study that all the
Klebsiella species (spp.), further by Enterobacter , Pseudomonas and Bacteroides spp., or by Gram-positive enterococci, for instance [ 6, 10 ]. In general, all of these bacterial species are prone to antimicrobial resistance development. In particular
example, viable spores of C. sporogenes and C. butyricum can survive temperatures of 100 °C for hours [23, 24] . Enterococci have shown an important heat resistance and, depending on the isolates and species, they can survive pasteurization
