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Hasüregi dirofilariasis
Dirofilaria in the abdominal cavity
Absztrakt
Számos filaria féregfertőzésről számol be a magyar szakirodalom, többségét Dirofilaria repens okozta. A szúnyog által terjesztett filaria férgek a kutyák és macskák subcutan szöveteiben jelennek meg. Az emberi fertőzések vagy subcutan csomókat vagy tüdőszövet-granulomákat képeznek, a fertőzöttek többsége panaszmentes. A beszámoló egy új Dirofilaria repens-fertőzésről szól, mely egy acut has miatt operált 61 éves férfi hasüregében jelentkezett. A műtét során 8 cm hosszú, fehér fonalféreg által kiváltott, körülírt peritonitis volt észlelhető. A parazita patológiai vizsgálattal Dirofilaria repensnek bizonyult.
Subcutaneous dirofilariosis caused by Dirofilaria repens is common in dogs and it is an emerging helminthozoonosis in Europe, Asia, Africa and also in Hungary. Macrocyclic lactones are used for preventing the infection; however, their activity against the microfilariae and mature stages of this species is questionable. Selamectin is widely used for the prophylaxis of heartworm ( D. immitis ) infection. The objective of the present study was to test the microfilaricidal efficacy of the topical formulation of selamectin in dogs naturally infected with D. repens . A total of 78 Beagle dogs were examined for the presence of circulating microfilariae by Knott’s test. Twenty-three of the microfilaraemic dogs were divided into four groups and included in the trial. The dogs received monthly or biweekly selamectin treatment and were subjected to monthly blood testing for a period of 252 or 336 days. At the end of the study, 65% of the dogs were not microfilaraemic and the rest had low number of microfilariae in their blood. These results indicate that chronic spot-on selamectin treatment may be a useful tool also in the control of canine subcutaneous dirofilariosis.
Smaller macropodid species (commonly referred to as wallabies) are extremely susceptible to toxoplasmosis: in most cases, infection with Toxoplasma gondii leads to death within a short time. Between June 2006 and July 2010, T. gondii was detected by immunohistochemical examination in six Tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) that died in the Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden; in another four specimens histopathology revealed T. gondii-like organisms (which could not be differentiated from Neospora caninum solely by morphology), and in another 11 animals toxoplasmosis as the possible cause of death could not be excluded. The current zoo population of 12 Tammar wallabies was tested for T. gondii IgG antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT), with negative results. We suppose that most of the deaths were due to acute toxoplasmosis resulting from a recent infection.
