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- Author or Editor: A. Lalić x
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β-Glucan content and β-glucanase activity of winter and spring barley cultivars grown under different environments were evaluated. There were significant differences in both β-glucan content and β-glucanase activity between analysed barleys. The results showed that, for all cultivars and locations, approximately 75% of β-glucan present in grains was degraded after malting, and that marked differences existed among winter and spring type of cultivars in malt β-glucan content. The correlation analysis of β-glucan content and malt quality parameters showed that malt β-glucan content was significantly positively correlated with viscosity and extract difference, and negatively with malt β-glucanase activity and friability. Regarding malt β-glucanase activity, significantly higher activity was found in spring cultivars in contrast to winter cultivars.
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the adequacy of different methods of planting in small plots and compared with the grain yield rank of wheat genotypes in large plots under different planting densities. Significant differences were found among cultivars, same cultivars under different planting densities, years of testing and planting densities. The estimated values of heritability in narrow sense for grain yield were high and varied from 68 to 99%, depending on the method of planting and planting density. Comparison of correlation among cultivar’s rank between Method 1 (planting with drilling machine) and other Methods (manual planting) revealed that these relationships were dependant upon the year of testing and varied from low to high, positive or negative and from significant to non-significant. The highest correlation was found between Method 1 and Method 3 (20 kernels/hill) in both years of testing. If we wish to test a larger number of genotypes from gene bank collections or advanced lines in early phase of breeding program for grain yield on small plots we can recommend the use of hill plots with planting density as close as possible to those in large plots.
The hordein proteins of ten barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars grown in region of eastern Croatia were studied for their contribution to the malting quality, particularly relating hordein influence on malt extract yield. The analysis of hordein proteins was carried out by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The micromalting of investigated barley cultivars and malt analyses were done according to the EBC official methods. The quantitative analysis of hordein proteins has showed that B-hordein was major component, followed by C- and D-hordeins. Among investigated cultivars the malt extract yield varied from 76.8% (cv. Angora) to 82.6% (cv. Scarlett). Spring barleys had on the average higher malt extract yield in contrast to winter barleys. The significant negative correlation between the total hordein content and malt extract yield was found. Among hordein fractions the B-hordein and D-hordein significantly contributed to lower malt extract yield. RP-HPLC analysis of malt hordeins revealed that the amount of hordein degraded during malting significantly correlated with Kolbach index.
Aim of this study was testing of field crops (maize-maize-sunflower-winter barley rotation) to lime (carbocalk: waste of sugar factory, 39% CaO) application in five rates up to 90 t/ha. Field trial was conducted in autumn 2000 in four replicates. Liming with carbocalk resulted with considerable increases of field crop yields as follows: up to 50% and 36% (maize for 2001 and 2002, respectively), up to 49% (sunflower 2003) and up to 30% (barley 2004). In general, by application of carbocalk to level of 90 t/ha, yields drastically decreased mainly to level of control as affected by over liming. Concerning oil contents in sunflower grain, it was significantly higher compared to control for treatments 15, 30 and 45 t/ha, but similar for control and 60 t/ha. Using of 45 and more lime per hectare decreased grain quality of malting barley because protein contents were significantly increased.
Although β-glucans in cereals are desirable as healthy diet components, high levels of β-glucans in malting barley are unacceptable because they can cause unsatisfactory degradation of cell walls during malting. The aim of this study was to investigate the β-glucan content in twelve Croatian and two German barley varieties at three representative locations in Eastern Croatia over three consecutive seasons (2012–2014). Total β-glucan content in barley samples was determined using enzymatic method. Most of the investigated barley varieties had total β-glucan content lower or significantly lower than 4%. Furthermore, a distinct and clear genotype influence was noticed. No significant difference was found between years, but between locations Osijek and Tovarnik.
The aim of this research was to examine influence of sowing rate on grain yield of four new winter wheat cultivars, taking in account their genetic characters. Statistical analysis of the obtained results showed that the sowing rate influence on the grain yield was not statistically significant. On the other hand, various sowing rates had highly significant influence on the ear number per a unit area. The largest number of ears was achieved by the sowing rate of 700 germinable seeds/m 2 (794.8 ears/m 2 ).Difference in grain yield between examined cultivars was highly significant (P<0.01) while the difference in number of ears per a unit area was significant (P<0.05). The highest average yield and highest number of ears in the two-year period were achieved by the cultivar AG 5.12 (8.56 t/ha and 770 ears/m 2 ).Since a satisfactory and statistically significant grain yield was achieved, even with a lower sowing rate, both during and in the average of the two year research, the author’s advice wheat producers to apply the above mentioned. In this way total production costs would be decreased to a lower rate.
