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- Author or Editor: A. Ram x
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A full length phytase (TaPAPhy_a1.1) gene was cloned and sequenced from Indian wheat cultivar DBW17. The 2,060 bp sequence has four introns of 63, 90, 94, 103 bp and encodes a polypeptide of 548 amino acids. N-terminal residues 5 to 19 contain a signaling peptide (SP) targeted to the vacuole. The predicted molecular weight and isoelectric point were 60.53 kDa and 6.74, respectively. A phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that TaPAPhy_a1.1 clustered on a branch with PAPhy_a1 from Aegilops tauschii cultivar NGB 9855. A structural model of TaPAPhy_a1.1 protein showed a single chain dimer containing two metal ions (Fe and Zn) bound at its active site. It belongs to the metallophosphoesterase group containing a characteristic set of seven amino acid residues (Asp, Asp, Tyr, Asn, His, His, His) involved in metal ligation. The full length TaPAPhy_a1.1 gene sequence from this investigation can be used for allele mining studies to identify superior alleles for higher phytase levels for improving the nutritional quality of wheat.
The All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project of ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad organizes multi-location testing of elite lines and hybrids to test and identify new rice cultivars for the release of commercial cultivation in India. Data obtained from Initial Hybrid Rice Trials of three years were utilized to understand the genotype × environment interaction (GEI) patterns among the test locations of five different agro-ecological regions of India using GGE and AMMI biplot analysis. The combined analysis of variance and AMMI ANOVA for a yield of rice hybrids were highly significant for GEI. The GGE biplots first two PC explained 54.71%, 51.54% and 59.95% of total G + GEI variation during 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, whereas AMMI biplot PC1 and PC2 explained 46.62% in 2010, 36.07% in 2011 and 38.33% in 2012 of the total GEI variation. Crossover interactions, i.e. genotype rank changes across locations were observed. GGE biplot identified hybrids, viz. PAN1919, TNRH193, DRH005, VRH639, 26P29, Signet5051, KPH385, VRH667, NIPH101, SPH497, RH664 Plus and TNRH222 as stable rice hybrids. The discriminative locations identified in different test years were Coimbatore, Maruteru, VNR, Jammu, Raipur, Ludhiana, Karjat and Dabhoi. The AMMI1 biplot identified the adaptable rice hybrids viz., CNRH102, DRH005, NK6303, NK6320, DRRH78, NIPH101, Signet5050, BPH115, Bio452, NPSH2003, and DRRH83. The present study demonstrated that AMMI and GGE biplots analyses were successful in assessing genotype by environment interaction in hybrid rice trials and aided in the identification of stable and adaptable rice hybrids with higher mean and stable yields.
