Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 10 of 43 items for
- Author or Editor: A. de Souza x
- Refine by Access: All Content x
Abstract
Thermogravimetric data and the kinetic interpretation of the curves of mass loss for ferrocene, ferrocenecarboxylic and ferrocenedicarboxylic acids and a series of ferrocene-containing polyamides are presented. The results indicate that the degradation process occurred with more than one stage of thermal degradation. The apparent activation energy values and the FTIR spectra of the degradation products suggest that the degradation mechanism occurred by either scission of weak links or by random scission of the chain. Apparently, the N-vicinal methylene group was the primary site of attack of oxygen on the polymer chain.
Comparative studies on some analytical methods
Thermal decomposition of powder milk
Abstract
This work present comparative results on powder milk storage quality, obtained from analytical methods. Protein content was determined conventional (Kjeldahl) and colorimetric with biuret reagent at 540 nm and integral quality by thermogravimetric and biological methods. A method was developed for the protein separation of powder milk. Powder milk was submitted to degradation processes at 45, 60 and 80°C for 20 days. The results indicated that protein content values were inconsistent if determinations by Kjeldahl and colorimetric methods and biological tests were compared. There is evidence of thermal decomposition of powder milk as detected by biological and thermogravimetric methods.
Abstract
The standard molar enthalpy of formation of crystalline di-isobutyldithiocarbamate complexes of P, As, Sb and Bi(III) has been derived by solution calorimetry at 298.15 K. The corresponding standard molar enthalpies of sublimation were estimated by means of differential scanning calorimetry. From the standard molar enthalpies of formation of the gaseous chelates the homolytic and heterolytic mean metal-sulphur bond-dissociation enthalpies were calculated.
Seismic coda Qattenuation (Q c) in the frequency range from 6 to 20 Hz of two distinct Scoda windows (early and later portions) are compared to analyse the effects of both coda windows on crustal seismic attenuation estimates around Samambaia fault (João CâmaraNortheastern Brazil). Q cvalues associated with the later portion are systematically higher than those related to the early portion. These values follow a frequency (f) function given by Q c(f) = Q 0 f , where Q 0= 11739 and= 1.000.06. In general, Q 0estimate is less sensitive to site effects and stabler than that obtained from the early portion of S coda waves, while its corresponding frequency dependence is similar to that obtained from the early portion of S coda waves. It suggests thatparameter does not depend on coda window's location along the seismic signal. A comparative analysis of both Q 0andvalues with those found recently shows that there is no difference in using early or later portion of S coda waves in the stations located on Pre-Cambrian basement in the João Câmara area. This comparison also shows that the major variations in Q 0values were observed at seismic stations installed on sedimentary terrain. Differences in the seismic attenuation, in both sides of the Samambaia fault, were also observed in this study, and it is in agreement with the hypothesis that Samambaia fault is a kind of boundary between two seismic attenuation zones.
Abstract
Hair analysis presents a lot of advantages compared to the analysis of biological fluids or tissues. Hair of employers from the National (Brazilian) Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN) was analyzed and compared with a control group. Samples were heated at 90°C with nitric acid, and diluted. Aliquot of these solutions was analyzed in ICP-MS. The concentration of U, Th, Pb and Zn were determined. Student t-test showed that there is no significant difference among the groups for all analyzed elements. The results demonstrated that men had more Pb than women. For Zn, the results showed that the levels are within the “normal” range, except for a woman that had her hair painted.
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of Nd-doped SrSnO3 by the polymeric precursor method, with calcination between 250 and 700 °C is reported. The powder precursors were characterized by TG/DTA and high temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD). After heat treatment, the material was characterized by XRD and infrared spectroscopy. Ester and carbonate amounts were strictly related to Nd-doping. According to XRD patterns, the orthorhombic perovskite was obtained at 700 °C for SrSnO3 and SrSn0.99Nd0.01O3. For Sr0.99Nd0.01SnO3, the kinetics displayed an important hole in the crystallization process, as no peak was observed in HTXRD up to 700 °C, while a XRD patterns showed a crystalline material after calcination at 250 °C.
Abstract
The present work proposes evaluation of the gelatinization processes of starch by means of DSC coupled with a photovisual system. The use of DSC, TG and DTA for a fast and efficient evaluation of the starch is suggested. The DSC curves of starch gels with water contents of 20, 30, 40 and 50% (mass/v) exhibited different phase transitions, corresponding to the gelatinization processes at the different water contents for the different lots. The DSC-photovisual system confirmed calorimetric behaviour differences between the starch lots studied.
Abstract
Solid-state M-EDTA chelates, where M represents the divalent ions Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II) or Ba(II) and EDTA is ethylenediaminetetraacetate anion, were synthesized. Thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry (TG, DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction powder patterns have been used to characterize and to study the thermal behaviour of these chelates. The results provided information concerning the stoichiometry, crystallinity, thermal stability and thermal decomposition.
Abstract
The terpenoids acetyl sitosterol, lupeol, acetyl diosgenin and stigmasterol were studied. Comparison of the thermogravimetric curves and the activation energies of the terpenoids suggested the following sequence of thermal stability: acetyl sitosterol < acetyl diosgenin < lupeol < stigmasterol. The DSC curves allowed determination of the melting points and the degrees of purity. Comparison of the TG and DSC curves revealed the presence of phase transitions without mass loss that were attributed to rearrangements in the terpenoid molecules.
In this perspective article, the use of continuous flow synthesis to prepare advanced pharmaceutical intermediates in developing economies is highlighted. Case studies are presented to suggest that cost effective local manufacture of life saving drugs, may potentially be implemented to facilitate better access to drugs to the underprivileged.
