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A tanulmány bemutatja a Polgár-Bosnyákdomb tellszerű településen végzett komplex régészeti kutatásokat, kitérve a terepbejárások, mintavevő fúrások, magnetométeres felmérések és régészeti feltárások eredményeire. Részletesebben elemzi a 2007-ben feltárt proto-tiszapolgári épületet és a halmot körülvevő árkot, és ennek kapcsán foglalkozik a Kárpát-medencei – és szélesebb összefüggésben a délkelet-európai – tellek megszűnésének kérdésével is.
Sikerek És Kudarcok. Régészeti Örökségvédelem Magyarországon 1998–2018 •
Beszámoló a 2018. november 12-én rendezett konferenciáról
Az első önálló régészeti államigazgatási intézmény, a Kulturális Örökség Igazgatósága 1998ban jött létre. A két évtizedes évforduló alkalmából rendezett konferencia alkalmat adott a számvetésre, valamint annak áttekintésére, milyen gazdasági és társadalmi keretek között működik ma a régé szeti örökség védelme.
The Directorate of Cultural Heritage, the first independent archaeological administrative institu tion, was established in 1998. The conference organised on the occasion of the twentieth anniver sary provided an excellent opportunity for stocktaking, as well as for reviewing the economic and social framework within which the protection of the archaeological heritage is achieved.
This paper presents the results of a research project, which was launched in 1999 by the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the ELTE. Our main goal was to create a register of Hungarian tell settlements. First we collected all available information on tell settlements from the archaeological literature and various museum archives. Following this preliminary data filtering, fifty of the initial 161 Neolithic sites and 116 of the 224 Bronze Age sites were classified as genuine tells or tell-like settlements. After that we determined the accurate location and co-ordinates of the sites using aerial photography called for the construction of a GIS database. The destruction (by erosion, by flood, etc.) of the tell settlements can be monitored virtually from one day to the other. In addition to a precise site condition assessment, the project yielded fresh information about settlement layouts, such as the presence of enclosures. At some sites, aerial photography was followed by a magnetometer survey.
Most of the 68 wells uncovered on the single-layer horizontal settlement lying adjacent to the tell at Polgár-Csőszhalom did not contain any unusual finds. A few wells, however, yielded remarkable assemblages that can be interpreted as intentional, structured depositions. One of these was Feature 272, a well lying some 80–90 m from the one-time water shore, which contained a remarkably high number of vessels, most of which were lavishly ornamented. The form and the contents of this well suggest that it represents the archaeological imprint of a series of ritual acts performed according to a set of strict rules and the structured deposition of the ritual paraphernalia.
