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- Author or Editor: András Fekete x
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The objective of the work reported here was to determine changes in the moisture content, firmness characteristics, color attributes and NIR absorbance of two carrot cultivars during storage. There was a definite loss in the moisture content that caused changes in the firmness. This result shows that carrot firmness is very sensitive to the moisture content. The firmness — especially the cutting force — is a good characteristic for predicting changes in carrot moisture content during storage. The color characteristics — a* and b* — showed a slight change in the function of the moisture content. However, these color characteristics are suitable for distinguishing the phloem and xylem parts of carrot cultivars. There were not found definite changes in the NIR absorbance as the function of the moisture content. Consequently, the specific cutting force and the impact stiffness coefficient are good characteristics of the carrot moisture content and the mass reduction during storage under non-ideal conditions.
The objective of the research was to compare the taste attributes of different commercial soya drinks. Furthermore, the task was to determine the effect of different ingredients and processing technologies on the taste attributes of the product. Based on the results of electronic tongue measurements the instrument is able to determine the effect of the applied technology and to distinguish soya juice samples according to sensory preferences. Canonical discriminant analysis showed that the groups of two measurements of the same products were overlapping. Therefore, the electronic tongue measurements are supposed to be of acceptable repeatability. The canonical discriminant analysis showed that the taste attributes of soya juice made of hulled soybeans was beneficial for the taste attributes relative to that of the juice made of not-hulled soybeans. Three main groups could be observed from the analyzed six commercial soya drink samples based on canonical discriminant analysis. There is a group of top market brands having definite taste improver additives and another one containing three products having low amount of additives. However, the group of samples made of soybean and rice is located between the above-mentioned two groups in the discriminant score plot.
In view of the demonstrated relationship between rumination time and health status, the general welfare and metabolic condition of ruminants are often assessed by the examination of rumen function. The main goal of this study was to monitor the daily rumination activity (RA) and its connection with actual liveweight (LW), milk yield (MY) and with two diseases (subclinical hyperketonaemia — SHK, uterine disease — UD) in 96 cows on the basis of a total of 1638 observations in Israel. The studied sample gave a highly significant response, showing that the selected diseases had a diminishing impact on RA and LW and no influence on MY. It can be concluded that the change of RA as determined by electronic monitoring, complemented by the change of LW, is a useful general indicator of health status and subclinical disease before the appearance of clinical signs.
Két myeloproliferativ betegség egy betegben – klónok együttélése és vetélkedése
Two myeloproliferative diseases in one patient – co-occurence of clones
A myeloproliferativ betegségeket genetikai hátterük alapján Philadelphia-kromoszóma-pozitív krónikus myeloid leukaemia, illetve Philadelphia-kromoszóma-negatív klasszikus myeloproliferativ neoplasia csoportokra bonthatjuk. Az utóbbiak hátterében a Janus-kináz-2 vagy a calreticulin gének mutációi állnak. Egy betegben a Philadelphia-kromoszóma-negatív és -pozitív myeloproliferativ neoplasiák együttes előfordulása irodalmi ritkaságnak számít. Munkánk során az elmúlt 20 év alatt mintegy 120, krónikus myeloid leukaemiás beteg hosszú távú követése kapcsán azon betegek klinikumát vizsgáltuk, akikben Philadelphia-kromoszóma-negatív myeloproliferativ neoplasiát is igazoltunk. A Philadelphia-kromoszóma jelenlétét klasszikus citogenetikai és/vagy fluoreszcens in situ hibridizációval mutattuk ki, majd a képződött BCR–ABL1 fúziós RNS mennyiségét kvantitatív, valós idejű polimeráz-láncreakcióval követtük. A Janus-kináz-2 és a kalretikulin gének mutációit szintén molekuláris genetikai módszerekkel, mennyiségi allélspecifikus polimeráz-láncreakcióval, illetve fragmensanalízissel mutattuk ki. A mutáns klónok mennyiségének időbeli változásának, valamint a klinikai adatoknak a segítségével következtettünk a betegségek kialakulásának dinamikájára. Munkánk során négy, Philadelphia-kromoszómát és a Janus-kináz-2/calreticulin gén mutációját is hordozó esetet azonosítottunk. Egyes esetekben a klónok vetélkedése, más esetben közös klónban együttes előfordulásuk volt megfigyelhető. Az izolált thrombocytosis a diagnóziskor, valamint a célzott kezelés hatására javuló genetikai eltérés mellett a perzisztáló vagy a fokozódó thrombocytosis hívhatja fel a figyelmet a két ritka hematológiai betegség társulásának lehetőségére. Eseteink felhívják a figyelmet arra, hogy a myeloproliferativ neoplasiák társulása kevésbé ritka, mint ahogy az irodalmi adatok sugallják. Ha a betegség szokatlan megjelenésű, vagy viselkedése ezt indokolttá teszi, felmerülhet a Philadelphia-kromoszóma-pozitív és -negatív myeloproliferativ neoplasiák társulásának gyanúja. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(28): 1123–1129.
Abstract
The authors aimed to determine the plasma melatonin concentration in mares and their new-born foals in the early post-partum period. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 53 mare-foal pairs within twelve hours after parturition. Plasma melatonin levels were measured by ELISA. The melatonin concentration, adjusted for the moment of parturition using a generalised linear model, was 34.58 pg mL−1 in mares. It was significantly lower (27.63 pg mL−1) in the new-born foals. However, the melatonin concentration declined differently by the end of the twelve hours, it decreased less in the offspring than in the mothers. An artificial light supplementation at the end of gestation reduced the melatonin concentration both in mares and their foals by about 10 pg mL−1, compared to the controls. An elevated melatonin production may be related to preparation of mares for parturition and ensures the chances of survival of offspring, therefore the melatonin may reach its peak at the moment of foaling regardless of its actual time. The effect of low melatonin concentration in new-born foals might be associated with the foal's health and subsequent performance. The need to monitor the melatonin concentration in the offspring justifies further studies.
To study the effects of high dietary molybdenum (Mo) content, rabbits were fed with commercial pellets and carrots containing 39 mg Mo/kg dry matter (DM) [Experiment 1] and with a commercial diet supplemented with 40 mg Mo/kg DM [Experiment 2] for 14 days. The high dietary Mo contents failed to reduce the growth performance of rabbits. Moreover, supplemental Mo given in a dose of 40 mg/kg non-significantly decreased the apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) compared to the control (73.63 ± 2.49 and 18.56 ± 5.10 vs. 74.31 ± 3.03 and 21.38 ± 6.48, respectively). Molybdenum ingested with feeds was mainly excreted (57%) via the urine. The highest Mo levels were found in kidney and liver samples (3.464 ± 0.872; 5.27 ± 0.95 mg/kg DM [Experiment 1] and 1.878 ± 0.283; 1.62 ± 0.16 mg/kg DM [Experiment 2], respectively), and Mo could also be detected in limb meat (0.336 ± 0.205 mg/kg DM). It was stated that the testes were more sensitive to Mo exposure than the female reproductive organs because the number of germ cells was reduced. Due to the high dietary Mo intake free radicals could be generated, resulting in a marked increase of creatine kinase (CK) activity.
High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing technology offers the possibility to preserve quality attributes. Objective test methods describing quality in a complex form have an important role in the development of new products and in the quality assurance of different technologies. Therefore, research was performed to compare the effects of HHP treatment and heat pasteurization on visual appearance, volatile composition, taste and texture properties of strawberry purees measured by sensorial and objective methods. Sensory evaluation did not show significant differences between samples. Similar result was obtained from the color measurements. Viscosity of purees changed only slightly as a result of the treatments. Electronic nose and electronic tongue were found to be promising tools for discrimination of strawberry purees treated by different levels of high hydrostatic pressure or thermal treatment. Canonical discriminant analysis showed that control and “600 MPa for 5 minutes” samples were quite similar. Samples treated by 600 MPa for 15 minutes were distinguished from the above mentioned ones. The heat treated samples (80°C for 5 and 15 minutes) were definitely separated from the control samples. Fusion of the data from the electronic nose and tongue showed the same trend and improved the classification of the treated puree samples.
A csontbiológia terén végzett vizsgálatok vezettek a tumornekrózis-faktorok családjába tartozó receptorok, így az osteoprotegerin és a receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) szerepének tisztázásához a csontátépülés folyamatának szabályozásában. A RANK receptor ligandja (RANKL) a csontreszorpció stimulátora, míg az osteoprotegerin a csont keringő, szolúbilis protektora. A csontátépülés kóros állapotai (így az osteoporosis is) összefüggnek az osteoprotegerin és a RANKL közti egyensúlyi állapot megbomlásával. Az elmúlt évek eredményei rámutattak arra is, hogy az osteoprotegerin/RANKL/RANK rendszer fontos szerepet játszik az immun- és a vascularis rendszer szabályozásában. Közleményünkben az elsődlegesen „csontprotektor” hatásúként megismert osteoprotegerin funkcióját, szabályozását és patológiás állapotokban – döntően a cardiovascularis megbetegedésekben – játszott szerepét, rizikómarkerként való alkalmazhatóságát foglaljuk össze. Végül krónikus hemodializált betegeink között végzett prospektív vizsgálatunkat ismertetjük, amelyben az ezen betegek cardiovascularis mortalitása, OPG-szérumszintje és érfali tágulékonysága közti összefüggést vizsgáltuk – pozitív eredménnyel.
