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- Author or Editor: B Molnár x
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The primary purpose of these researches was to optimize single-cell protein (SCP) production process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCAIM Y.00200 and Kluyveromyces marxianus DSM 4908 strain, and then to analyse the changes in yield of single-cell protein final product using vitamin supplementation. To determine these values, the total sugar content of the fermentation medium, and the protein content of the yeast was determined. During our work, a particular attention was paid to the change of sugar content and yeast protein quantity. Besides, yield (Yx/s) values, typical of the whole fermentation, were also measured. Protein yield, as the final product of fermentation, featured the efficiency of our work. The results of our optimized trial settings that were considered as control, using S. cerevisiae NCAIM Y.00200 and K. marxianus DSM 4908 strains, were compared with the results of vitamin-supplemented fermentation processes. On this basis, we can say that during our trials vitamin supplementation did not influence the final product yield of processes. The counted protein yields during fermentation were between 0.4–0.7 g g−1.
Periodicity of pheromone titer in female moths, modulated by various factors (age, photoperiod, temperature), has been reported for a number species, however, comparative studies on pheromone strains of those species where pheromone polymorphism is known to occur has so far scarcely been studied.In this study, the rhythm and age dependence of calling behavior as well as of the titer of the respective main sex pheromone components, and timing and frequency of mating within E-and Z-strains of European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae) were compared during scotophase, under laboratory conditions (18/6 hours photoregime, 26 °C).Very similar trends were fund in both strains in the diel fluctuation of both calling behavior and pheromone titer within the scotophase, as well as its age dependence, and also in timing and mating frequency. The titer of the respective main pheromone component gradually increased during the scotophase. Highest titers were found in freshly emerged females, however even 6-day-old females produced roughly half amounts. Freshly emerged females of both strains were ready to mate with males of their own strain, however, the percentage of matings were higher in 1–3-day-old age cohorts. Differences between strains was found in the total amount of the respective main pheromone components in the gland. The average amount of ( Z )11-tetradecenyl acetate extracted from the ovipositor of Z-strain females 10 min. before the end of the scotophase was 2.17 ng / female equivalent, whereas the corresponding value of ( E )11-tetradecenyl acetate for E-strain females was 8.25 ng / female equivalent. Moreover, E-strain females tended to start calling somewhat earlier, and the percentages of calling females was higher during the peak calling period than that of the Z-strain. Significance of these findings in characterizing the strains are discussed.
The photosynthetic responses induced by NaCl were investigated in the 7H Asakaze komugi/Manas wheat/barley addition line developed in the Agricultural Research Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary, in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Asakaze komugi (Akom) and wheat line Martonvásári 9 kr1 (Mv9kr1) and in the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Manas. An increase in the NaCl concentration of the nutrient solution to 200 mmol L−1 resulted in considerable stomatal closure and a decreased net CO2 assimilation rate (A) in the wheat genotypes, while the changes in these parameters were less significant for barley and the 7H addition line. Parallel with this, a relatively high non-stomatal limitation (L m) of A was observed in wheat genotypes, which was not significant in Manas or the wheat-barley addition line at this level of salt stress. At severe stress (300 mM L−1 NaCl concentration) A and stomatal conductance were strongly inhibited in all the genotypes examined; however, L m was less significant in the addition line and its parental wheat genotype. These preliminary results suggest that the 7H Akom/Manas addition line might be a good candidate for improving the salt tolerance of wheat in the future, and encourage further detailed physiological analysis of this addition line.
This study investigated the effects of three different commercial diets on the growth, feed utilization, and product quality of pike (Esox lucius). The first diet had low lipid (12%) and low protein (37%) (diet A) content, the second diet had low lipid (12%) and high protein (52%) content (diet B), the third diet had higher lipid concentration (15%) and high protein content (52%) (diet C). Two hundred and seven pike were stocked in an experimental RAS (Recirculating Aquaculture System) and were fed ad libitum for the duration of the nine week trial. Specific growth rates, feed conversion rates, protein utilization, as well as body composition and somatic indices were calculated. Fish fed with diets B and C had significantly better SGR (Specific Growth Rate) and FCR (Feed Conversion Rate) than fish fed with diet A. The higher dietary lipid concentration does not cause significantly better protein utilization. Moreover, it had a negative effect on the product quality by increasing the body lipid concentration and the visceral fat deposition.
The safety of wheat production in Hungary requires the propagation of droughttolerant cultivars because of the regular occurrence of water deficiency. Hybridization between related species makes it possible to transfer desirable traits from one species to another. Introgression lines developed from wheat/barley hybrids were investigated together with the parental wheat and barley cultivars to determine how the added barley chromosome (segment) influences drought tolerance in wheat. The plants were grown in the field at the UP Georgikon Faculty, Keszthely. Sowing and harvest were done by hand. Half the length of the 12 m rows was covered with a plastic rain shelter on 2 nd April (EC: 30–31) to protect the plants from rain, resulting in a 163 mm difference in water supplies between the control (not covered) and stressed (covered) treatments. Data were obtained for anthesis and maturity date, plant height, root/shoot ratio, leaf water potential, grain yield and grain yield components. The plants adapted to water deficiency by increasing the root/shoot ratio and decreasing the water potential and the duration of grain filling. The grain yield was reduced by 12%, averaged over the genotypes, mainly due to a decrease in the number of spikes per plant.
The authors give account on 4 species, viz. Garmaniella bombophila Westerboer, 1963, Veigaia planicola (Berlese, 1892), Ameroseius pavidus (C. L. Koch, 1839), Lasioseius fimetorum Karg, 1971 belonging to the order Mesostigmata, which have not been recorded so far in the Hungarian fauna. In addition, the genus Garmaniella has hitherto been unknown in the domestic fauna. A sole female of Garmaniella bombophila was collected from the flowers of sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) grown in glasshouse. The specimens of Veigaia planicola were found in the ground litter of an apple orchard, and Lasioseius fimetorum specimens were collected from the growing medium of champignon [ Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge.) Imbach].
Abstract
The introduced method to determine the individual activities of the short-lived radon daughters in air is based on simultaneous α- and β-counting of the sampled air collected on a filter. The measured curves of gross-α and gross-β intensities were decomposed by sum of exponentials and the individual activities of the progenies were assessed. Furthermore, computer simulations were carried out supplemented with aerosol measurements to describe the physical processes of radon progenies in air during the experiments and to verify the suitability of the method.
Abstract
Positron lifetime measurements were carried out in normal hexane vs. temperature in the range of 12.5–62.5°C. The evaluation of the lifetime spectra indicates the presence of four lifetime components, as published first by Jacobsen et al. An attempt is made to interprete the properties of the longest-living two components in terms of the microscopic structure of the liquid.
