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The same Neuropteroidea community was collected and studied in Hungary in the years 1991 and 1992 by using different trapping techniques: a) Malaise trap, b) suction trap, c) yellow pan trap and d) light trap. The studies aimed to compare the different sampling methods for individual species, families and for the whole Neuropteroidea community. In case the whole Neuropteroidea community the trapped individual numbers collected by the suction trap surpassed all other trap types. Relatively high numbers of Neuropteroidea could be collected both by light trap and Malaise traps. The yellow pan traps did not succeed in catching large enough samples neither from point of view of sample size nor from species richness. According to the number of species collected there were not discovered any big difference between the catches of suction trap, Malaise traps and light trap.
To compare the efficiency of collecting methods by structural characterisation of a neuropteroid community the authors carried out an investigation in a commercial apple orchard at Szigetcsép by using three different trapping techniques, Malaise trap, suction trap and light trap. Considering of the individuals of this community, the suction trap seems to be the most useful sampling device outrunning the material caught by light trap and especially those of Malaise trap. During the investigation the suction trap and light trap show the numbers of the species and individuals of Coniopterygidae, Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae families in a similar way. To record snake flies, Raphidiidae, Malaise trap seems to be the most suitable sampling device while the light trap is the best for sponge flies, Sisyridae. Abundance of Hemerobius humulinus and Wesmaelius subnebulosus was underestimated by Malaise trap compared with the records of suction trap; however Micromus angulatus and Micromus variegatus were overestimated by Malaise trap. Comparing the results of light trap to suction trap Hemerobius humulinus, Wesmaelius subnebulosus and Chrysoperla carnea complex were underrepresented while Micromus angulatus, Micromus variegatus, Chrysopa formosa and Chrysopa phyllochroma were overestimated. Diversity profiles drawn by different sampling techniques show that the diversity of the suction trap samples, except for the beginning of the scale parameter, is significantly (p < 0.01) lower in its total length from the values of light trap and Malaise trap. In the profile of plots of light trap and Malaise trap the diversity of the samples were not different in the species with medium and higher abundance. In conclusion, the sampling techniques used in the ecological investigations can determine the characteristics of neuropteroid communities. These results show that sampling devices have to be chosen cautiously according to the main aims and the interpretation of investigations.
Neuropteroidea communities were studied near Budapest (Nagykovácsi) in an abandoned, mixed orchard and its neighbouring environment: a shrub community without a closed canopy; a shrub level of the canopied oak forest by using Malaise traps. In the open shrub verge of the orchard larger, and in the oak forest more diverse Neuropteroidea community developed than in the other investigated habitats. The Neuropteroidea communities studied did not show stable compositions in the investigated habitats and years.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate with autoradiographic technique whether or not [11C]vinpocetine, a compound widely used in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases (Cavinton®, Gedeon Richter Ltd., Budapest), binds to specific sites in the human brain in post mortem human brain sections. Binding was assessed under four conditions: the incubation was performed using Tris-HCl buffer with or without the addition of salts (0.1% (weight/vol) ascorbic acid, 120 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2 and 1 mM MgCl2), with or without the addition of excess (10 mM) unlabelled vinpocetine. Measurements on digitized autoradiograms indicated that [11C]vinpocetine labelled all grey matter areas in the human brain to a similar extent and no significantly heterogeneous binding could be demonstrated among cortical or subcortical regions. The addition of excess unlabelled vinpocetine lowered the binding slightly in all regions. Although these results indicate that [11C]vinpocetine does not bind to human brain transmitter receptors or transporters with a high affinity (Ki < 10 nM), it cannot be ruled out that the compound binds to receptors and/or transporters with lower affinity.
Abstract
A method has been developed for the determination of63Ni in environmental samples. The samples are ashed and leached with aqua regia whereafter hydroxides are precipitated with ammonia, leaving Ni in the aqueous phase. Nickel is extracted as dimethyl glyoxime complex by chloroform and back-extracted with HCl. Finially, Ni is electroplated onto a copper disc from an ammonium sulphate medium at high pH. The radiochemical yield is determined by atomic absorption measurements of stable Ni before and after electrodeposition.Nickel-63 on the discs is measured by beta spectrometry using solid state ion implanted detectors and by using a conventional windowless anti-coincidence shielded GM gas flow counter. Using a counting time of 3000 minutes, the minimum detection limits were 8 and 1 mBq, respectively.The method was applied to a series of macroalgae (Fucus vesiculosus) collected at different distances from a nuclear power plant. There was a correlation between distance to the power plant and the63Ni concentration in the algae. The relationship between63Ni and60Co, as well as that between63Ni and stable nickel, was also investigated.
Background and aims
Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The most important cause of death among ADPKD patients is cardiovascular (CV). The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of arterial stiffness on CV and renal outcomes in ADPKD.
Methods
A total of 55 patients with ADPKD were examined. Pulse wave velocity was determined and stiffness index (SIDVP) was calculated. Combined primary endpoints (CV and renal) were major CV events (myocardial infarction, stroke, and CV intervention) as CV endpoints, and attaining of ESRD or start of renal replacement therapy as renal endpoints. Secondary endpoints were CV or renal endpoints separately.
Results
The mean age of those 55 ADPKD patients was 45 ± 12 years, 21 patients were male. The average value of the SIDVP was 11.11 ± 2.22 m/s. The patients were divided into two groups by the cutoff value of 11 m/s of SIDVP and then outcomes were analyzed. In the higher arterial stiffness group (SIDVP > 11 m/s), occurrence of combined primary endpoint (CV and renal) was significantly higher than in the group with more elastic arteries (p = 0.033). A statistically significant difference was found in the renal endpoints (p = 0.018), but not in the CV endpoints (p = 0.952) between the two groups.
Conclusions
Increased arterial stiffness predicts the onset of ESRD in ADPDK. Assessment of SIDVP appears to be a useful method for estimating the renal and CV prognosis in ADPKD.
