Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 10 of 12 items for
- Author or Editor: K. Marton x
- Refine by Access: All Content x
In addition to several thousand archaeological features, forty-three settlement burials were also uncovered on the LBK site at Balatonszárszó-Kis-erdei-dűlő. The majority of the crouched inhumation burials came to light from the uppermost level of the settlement’s refuse pits. The study offers a detailed assessment of the settlement’s Neolithic burials together with the examination of possible patterns in the mortuary rites, as well as an overview of the culture’s graves and mortuary practices in the western half of the Carpathian Basin, i.e. in Hungary and Slovakia. The findings are compared to the treatment of the dead in other regions of the LBK distribution in Europe in order to identify possible local traditions in the light of similarities with and divergences from the general patterns in the mortuary rites practiced by LBK communities.
Abstract
Obsidian samples from the Tokaj Mountains (Hungary) and from the neighbouring Zemplin Hills (Slovakia) were analysed by instrumental and epithermal neutron activation analysis for obtaining a “fingerprint” for discrimination of potential natural sources of raw material that would permit tracing the origin of archaeological obsidian artefacts. These techniques fully discriminate the Zemplin Hills sources (Carpathian I, eastern Slovakia) and the Tokaj Mountain sources (Carpathian II, north-eastern Hungary) as well as these Central European sources from those already studied of the Mediterranean basin and adjacent regions.
In the present study the applicability of a self-constructed doubled haploid line (DH 105) in the in vitro breeding of maize was evaluated. This line, which contained only 50% exotic (Chinese) germplasm, could be used to transmit in vitro androgenic ability into non-responsive breeding materials. F1 hybrids resulting from single crosses between the moderately responsive line DH 105 and recalcitrant genotypes with high breeding value showed a considerable heterosis effect in their androgenic responses. Most of the hybrids had favourable morphological and agronomic characters on the basis of “per se” evaluation. The data of the experiments showed that these F1 hybrid plants could be successfully used as anther donors, since numerous fertile DH plants were developed from their anther cultures. By the use of this in vitro breeding strategy the genetic variability can be widened and the effectiveness of inbred line production might be improved.
Alimentary factors of enterogen arthropathies were studied, in particular the early morphological detection, to prevent the disease progression by nutritional prescriptions. Authors compared the method of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) with conventional X-ray and nuclear medicine investigations. The results showed the superiority of HRCT to detect cartilage erosions and ligamental calcifications in the sacroiliac joint and lumbar facet joint. The importance of nutritional factors is briefly discussed. The need for high quality and high quantity food of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is well known. Elemental diet is effective for remission of IBD. Folic acid intake is extremely important. Total parenteral nutrition in acute active disease (Crohn's fistulas) has not been proved to effect IBD. Elimination of whole protein as a possible luminal factor for long term application can help, if elementary amino acids are in the diet. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (major components of fish oils) have beneficial effects. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet can decrease the inflammation. Antioxidants, glutamine are essential in the diet. Removal of fat is effective to get remission. Alimentary complication in IBD patients can be osteoporosis, so there is a need for regular bone densitometry. Conclusion of the study suggests that HRCT offers more sensitive detection of enterogen arthropathy related changes. The predictive value of this diagnostic method is accurate enough to advise restrictive and/or supplemental diets of IBD patients. Dietary therapy allows circumvention of the adverse side-effects of repeated courses of steroids.
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield samples taken from a consecutive series of crop years representing drought, normal and moist conditions at the Nagygombos experimental site of the Szent István University have been evaluated. The impact of N topdressing and crop year conditions on the performance of protein and wet gluten content were studied.The results suggest that ascending levels of N topdressing, and increased number of applications had a beneficial effect on the protein content, as well as on wet gluten values. Crop year had a significant effect on quality manifestation. The drier the crop year, the better the recorded quality performance. The magnitude of changes was bigger in case of gluten than in that of protein values. There were minor differences between the two varieties examined, especially in their response patterns to nitrogen supply. Dough formation depends mainly on the gliadin/ glutenin ratio, but there is less information on the agronomic and climatic impacts that may cause alterations in that.
A talaj katabolikus aktivitás mintázatának elemzése mikrorespirációs (MicroResp™) módszerrel
Analysis of soil catabolic activity patterns by micro-respiration (MicroResp™)
Functional diversity of the soil microbial community participates in most of the soil ecosystem services, often they have an essential role. From the many theoretical and experimental approaches, the catabolic activity pattern based on MicroResp™ technique is shown here. The method is the extension of the old-fashioned substrate induced respiration method to the microplate based multi-substrate induced respiration detection, allowing in situ community level physiological pattern of the soil microbial community. As the substrate utilization of the individual microbes may differ, the substrate utilization pattern of the sample depends on the actual composition and abundance of the soil microbial community. Substrates used in this method can be variable, mainly simple sugars, amino acids, amines or carboxylic acids are applied. The microrespiration method is fast, sensitive and reliable, therefore it is recommended to use in planned experiments and in soil monitoring programs as well.
Artificial sweeteners are widely used all over the world. They may assist in weight management, prevention of dental caries, control of blood glucose of diabetics, and also can be used to replace sugar in foods. In the animal experimentation mice were given oral doses of water solutions of table top artificial sweeteners (saccharin, cyclamate based, acesulfame-K based, and aspartame) the amount of maximum Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) ad libitum. The controls received only tap water with the same drinking conditions as the treated groups. The mice were fed chow ad libitum.We measured food intake and body weight once a week, water and solutions of artificial sweeteners intake twice a week. The data were analysed by statistical methods (T-probe, regression analysis).Consumption of sweeteners resulted in significantly increased body weight; however, the food intake did not change.These results question the effect of non-caloric artificial sweeteners on weight-maintenance or body weight decrease.
Phytoremediation is an approach designed to extract excessive heavy metals from contaminated soils through plant uptake. Cadmium (Cd) is among the elements most toxic to living organisms. Health hazards associated with the lethal intake of Cd include renal (kidney) damage, anaemia, hypertension and liver damage. A greenhouse experiment was carried out with Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) grown on artificially spiked soil (100 μg Cd g−1) with EDTA (2 mmol kg−1 in 5 split doses), FYM, vermicompost (VC) and microbial inoculants (MI) such as Azotobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The growth of Brassica juncea L. was better in soil amended with FYM or VC as compared to unamended Cd-polluted soil. Growth was slightly suppressed in EDTA-treated soil, whereas it was better after treatment with MI. The application of FYM and VC increased the dry matter yield of Indian mustard either alone or in combination with microbial inoculants, while that of EDTA caused a significant decrease in the biomass of Indian mustard. The application of microbial inoculants increased the dry matter yield of both the roots and shoots, but not significantly, because MI shows greater sensitivity towards cadmium. The maximum cadmium concentration was observed in the EDTA +MI treatment, but Cd uptake was maximum in the VC + MI treatment. The Cd concentration in the shoots increased by 120% in CdEDTA over the Cd100 treatment, followed by CdVC (65%) and CdFYM (42%) in the absence of microbial inoculants. The corresponding values in the presence of MI were 107, 51 and 37%, respectively. A similar trend was also observed in the roots in the order CdEDTA+M > CdVC+M > CdFYM+M>Cd100+M.MI caused an increase in Cd content of 5.5% in the roots and 4.1% in the shoots in the CdEDTA+M treatment compared with the CdEDTA treatment. FYM, VC and EDTA also increased Cd uptake significantly both in the shoots and roots with and without microbial inoculants.The results indicated that Vermicompost in combination with microbial inoculants is the best treatment for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Indian mustard, as revealed by the Cd uptake values in the shoots: CdVC+M (2265.7 μg/pot) followed by CdEDTA+M (2251.2 μg/pot), CdFYM+M (1485.7 μg/pot) and Cd100+M (993.1 μg/pot).
