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- Author or Editor: L. Lőkös x
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A brief historical account on the Hungarian lichenology is given in three stages. The early stage involves the oldest collections and the lichenological activity of F. Hazslinszky. In the mid-stage a separate, independent lichen collection was established in the Natural History Museum, and a rapid development of floristical and taxonomic research took place. Recent lichenological research in Hungary follows several fields: taxonomy, biogeography, bioindication and ecophysiology.
In this study, lichen collections of J. Andrasovszky, H. Dingler, I. Györffy de Szigeth, K. Krause, J. Mattfeld, M. F. Nabelek, V. Pietschmann and S. Selinka from Turkey deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum have been investigated and compared with Szatala’s publications. After this reassessment, 178 infraspecific taxa were determined. Moreover, 29 unpublished specimens were discovered. In addition, the collecting localities, which are positioned in cities such as Bursa, Düzce, Gaziantep, Hakkari, Kyrklareli, Konya, Ystanbul, Yzmir, Sakarya, Trabzon, Van and Zonguldak, are discussed, and a map of these localities is provided.
The article brings information on a lichen species Leptogium ferax newly recorded for the territory of Hungary. So far known distribution of the species in Europe is discussed, so as the phytogeographical significance of the locality in Mt Nagy-Szénás in the Buda Mts.
Sarcopyrenia gibba was discovered as new to Hungary recently. Specimens were collected throughout the country at 11 localities mainly on anthropogenic substrates (concrete, asbestos roof, stone walls, etc.) from 1982. The floristically new species seems to be spreading in Hungary probably due to the effect of urbanisation.
For air pollution lichen mapping of Komárom (NW Hungary) 50 liches taxa were collected at 84 sites between October 1997 and April 1999. Except for 3 species (Caloplaca decipiens, Evernia prunastasi, Physca tenella) all are new for investigated area, as it was lichenologically poorly known before. The occurrence of the most frequent species (Amandinea punctata, Lecanora hagenii, Phaeophyscia orbicularis, Physcia adscendens, P. tenella, Xanthoria perietina) correlates with the dominating dust pollution. Two different zones can be distinguished on the basis of the lichen flora. These are situated in the highly built-upo central and in the surrounding areas.
Solenopsora candicans was an overlooked lichen species in Hungary. The two old localities were revisited (one of them could be confirmed) and five new occurrences were discovered. Its current distribution in Hungary is presented and discussed.
Twenty-four of treated species are reported as new to Hungary; Agonimia allobata, A. repleta, Amphisphaeria fallax, Anema tumidulum, Bacidia fuscoviridis, Biatoridium monasteriense, Caloplaca oasis, C. conversa, C. raesaenenii, C. soralifera, Candelariella plumbea, Chromatochlamys muscorum, Diplotomma murorum, Lecanora leuckertiana, L. rouxii, Lepraria lesdainii, Lichinella cribellifera , cf. Mycobilimbia epixanthoides, Opegrapha suecica, Scoliciosporum curvatum, Stigmidium rouxianum, Verrucaria helvetica, V. sorbinea and Xanthoria sorediata . Eleven species, Agonimia opuntiella, Caloplaca crenulatella, C. xerica, Dirina stenhammari, Evernia divaricata, Immersaria cupreoatra, Lecanora bolcana, Leptogium magnussonii, Lichinella nigritella, Strangospora ochrophora and Verrucaria bryoctona , are new to the Bükk Mts. New records of Agonimia tristicula and Caloplaca chrysodeta , already known from the Bükk Mts, are mentioned. The known distribution of C. raesaenenii (= C. thuringiaca ) is described.
Two new for science species of lichenicolous fungi, i.e. Lichenochora hypanica and Pyrenidium ucrainicum are described and illustrated, comparing with closely related taxa. The following taxa, i.e. Biatorella fossarum, Buelliella lecanorae, Echinothecium reticulatum, Lecanora pannonica, Melaspilea bagliettoana, and Opegrapha verrucariae are reported for the first time for Ukraine.
Though species of Xanthoparmelia are among the most widely studied groups, X. pulvinaris — a species that had been described from Hungary — has not been analysed regarding its genetics prior to our investigation. ThreeDNAsequences were gained from Hungarian material to make further phylogenetic analysis possible.
Descriptions for 5 Caloplaca species new for science (C. chejuensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Caloplaca coreana S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, C. galbina S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur (all from Korea), C. loekoesii S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur (from Korea and China), and C. safavidiorum S. Y. Kondr. et B. Zarei-Darki (from Iran)), as well as descriptions of 3 rediscovered species (Caloplaca diffluens (Hue) Zahlbr. (from Korea and China), C. multicolor (Hue) S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, and C. spodoplaca (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (both from Korea), which were described from Korea and Japan more than one century ago and not recorded from that time), including diagnostic characters important for the present taxonomy of the genus Caloplaca s. l., are provided. The new combination, Caloplaca multicolor (Hue) S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur (Basionym: Lecidea multicolor Hue), is proposed.
