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- Author or Editor: P. Figueiredo x
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Abstract
Comparisons were made between the results obtained for elements accumulated by Tradescantia pallidaplant exposed in sites with different pollution levels: Cerqueira César and Congonhas districts, considered polluted areas of São Paulo city, and Caucaia do Alto county, considered a non polluted site. Statistical test applied to the results indicated that plant samples from polluted areas presented higher concentrations of Ba, Ce, Cr, Co, Fe, La, Sb and Sc than those found for ones from a non-polluted site. Discriminant analysis applied to the results obtained revealed three groups of results corresponding to sites with different levels of pollution.
The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the rheological properties of mixed nectars, based on cashew apple, mango, and acerola pulps. Ten different formulations with different mass fractions of cashew apple, mango, and acerola pulps were prepared using a simplex centroid design [with a total of 35% (w/w) pulp] and submitted to heat treatment at 90 °C for 1 min. Samples were collected before and after heat treatment and characterization of their rheological properties was carried out. The rheological behaviour was obtained at 25 °C, with shear rate ranging from 108 to 500 s−1 (upward curve) and from 500 to 108 s−1 (downward curve) for 1 min with 25 readings for each curve. The Ostwald de Waele model showed to be a good fit for all formulations studied, which showed a non-Newtonian behaviour and a pseudoplastic character. Results of apparent viscosity for the non-heated formulations were well fitted by the linear model and the heat treated formulations by the cubic model. The heat treated formulations had higher (P<0.05) values of consistency index and apparent viscosity, as well as lower (P<0.05) values of flow behaviour index compared to non-heated formulations. The rheological characterization of these formulations is a very useful tool during product development and processing control of mixed nectars of fruit juice.
Summary
Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used to determine metals (Ba, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Hf, Rb, Sc, Zn), semi-metals (As, Sb), actinides (U, Th) and rare earth elements (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb and Lu) in bottom sediments from one of the ponds of the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) in São Paulo, Brazil. The results obtained were compared with the concentration determined in a soil profile and in a rock sample, in natura, representing the lithologies of the region, and indicated that only As, Cr and Zn can have their origin associated with the residues disposed around the pond.
The objective of the present study was to analyze the autonomic response of trained swimmers to traditional and reverse training periodization models. Seventeen swimmers were divided in two groups, performing a traditional periodization (TPG) or a reverse periodization (RPG) during a period of 10 weeks. Heart rate variability and 50 m swimming performance were analyzed before and after the training programs. After training, the TPG decreased the values of the high frequency band (HF), the number of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals longer than 50 ms (NN50) and the percentage of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals more than 50 ms (pNN50), and the RPG increased the values of HF and square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals (RMSSD). None of the groups improved significantly their performance in the 50-m test. The autonomic response of swimmers was different depending on the periodization performed, with the reverse periodization model leading to higher autonomic adaption. Complementary, the data suggests that autonomic adaptations were not critical for the 50-m swimming performance.
Summary
Guanabara Bay, located at Rio de Janeiro, is an example of an impacted coastal environment due to the high influx of industrial and domestic effluents. Four sediment cores were sampled in areas with different levels of pollution and were analyzed for trace elements and foraminifera for abundance. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used to determine As, Ba, Co, Cr, Fe, Sb, Sc, and Zn. The effects of metal concentrations in the benthic foraminifera were studied. The low concentrations of the benthic foraminifera and the dominance of opportunistic species in coastal regions such as Ammonia may be correlated to natural stress or anthropogenic impact.
Summary
Elérhetoség
This study is aimed at performing the determination of bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and the identification of the minerals in the flours produced with the tropical fruit peels of mango, papaya, melon, and pineapple. The results showed that the papaya peel flour has the highest amount of ascorbic acid and lycopene when compared with the other studied flours. The mango peel flour has a high content of total extractable polyphenols and a high antioxidant activity. Regarding the mineral content, the by-product of melon stood out with 523.24±26.12 mg/100 g of potassium, 104.15±3.52 mg/100 g of calcium and 6.62±0.30 mg/100 g of iron. The flours prepared with mango, papaya, melon, and pineapple peels are potential sources of bioactive compounds and minerals, also presenting good antioxidant activity, being, therefore, recommended to be used in food products to improve the nutritional quality of the product.
Abstract
Background and aims
Data regarding the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and eating disorders (ED) are scarce. Our aim was to investigate whether UPF intake was associated with different ED types in a large population-based study.
Methods
43,993 participants (mean age = 51.0 years; 76.1% women) of the French NutriNet-Santé web-cohort who were screened for ED in 2014 via the Sick-Control-One stone-Fat-Food (SCOFF) questionnaire, were included in the analysis. The clinical algorithm Expali TM tool was used to identify four ED types: restrictive, bulimic, binge eating, and other (not otherwise specified). Mean dietary intake was evaluated from at least 2 self-administered 24-h dietary records (2013–2015); categorization of food as ultra-processed or not relied on the NOVA classification. The associations between UPF intake (as percent and reflecting mean daily UPF quantity (g/d) within the dietary intake, %UPF) and ED types were evaluated using polytomous logistic regression models.
Results
5,967 participants (13.6%) were categorized as likely ED (restrictive n = 444; bulimic n = 1,575; binge eating n = 3,124; other ED n = 824). The fully-adjusted analyses revealed a positive association between UPF intake and bulimic, binge eating, and other ED: ED risk (odds ratio, OR) for an absolute 10-percentage point incremental increase in %UPF intake were 1.08 (1.01–1.14; P = 0.02), 1.21 (1.16–1.26; P < 0.0001), and 1.11 (1.02–1.20; P = 0.02), respectively. No significant association was detected for restrictive ED.
Discussion and Conclusion
This study revealed an association of UPF intake with different ED types among French adults. Future research is needed to elucidate the direction of the observed associations.
