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Abstract  

Preparation of lanthanide fluoride and chloride films has been studied by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using Ln(thd)3 (Ln=lanthanide(III); thd=2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato ligand) and Y(thd)3 with gas mixture systems of CF2Cl2 (difluorodichloromethane)/O2 and CF2Cl2/H2. Two kinds of fluorides, LnOF oxyfluoride and LnF3 triffluoride, were obtained separately along a CVD tube at atmospheric pressure and temperature as low as 300–600°C by the reaction of Ln(thd)3 chelates with CF2Cl2/O2 gas system. The chemical characteristics of the CVD products were considered from the thermochemical point of view.

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Abstract  

We have conducted thermal and X-ray diffraction experiments on binary mixtures of symmetric stearic-oleic mixed-acid triacylglycerol (TAG) (1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol: SOS) and asymmetric stearic-oleic mixed-acid TAG (1,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol: OOS), in which optically active sn-OOS was employed. We found that SOS–OOS mixtures exhibited immiscible monotectic or peritectic mixing behavior. This result was consistent with previous study on binary mixtures of 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (POP) and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol (OOP), in which racemic rac-OOP molecules were employed. The differences between the SOS–OOS and POP–OOP mixtures were in the polymorphic behavior of the fractions of POP and SOS. No effect was found from using an optically active (sn-OOS) or racemic mixture (rac-OOP) as an asymmetric oleic–oleic-saturated acid TAG. From the two results, we may conclude that an immiscible phase was formed in the binary mixtures of symmetric saturated-oleic-saturated TAGs and asymmetric oleic–oleic-saturated TAGs, of both racemic and optically active types. This result stands in contrast to mixtures of SOS–OSO (1,3-dioleoyl-2-stearoyl-glycerol), SOS–SSO (1,2-distearoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol), POP–OPO (1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol), and POP–PPO (1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol), all of which exhibited molecular-compound-forming behavior with molecular compound crystals at an equal ratio of the binary mixtures. Molecular-level mechanisms to explain this difference are discussed, based on possible roles of glycerol groups acting during the mixing processes of saturated–unsaturated mixed-acid TAGs.

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Abstract  

Environmental radionuclides (40K, 137Cs, 210Pb, 226Ra) were determined in soils under semi-arid stands, a transition area from thorn to deciduous forest in El Angolo, and heath stands in the Alto Mayo in Northern Peru in order to elucidate their activity level in soil, and to trace underground environment in remote areas of little anthropogenic intervention. Anthropogenic 137Cs was only found in the uppermost portion of the soils in small amount, whereas the 210Pb activity was exceptionally high at the soil surfaces in a tropical stand of Alto Mayo. The results suggest a fallout nuclide, 210Pb, having been transported from local source(s) not to be specified yet.

Open access
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Authors:
P. Gallagher
,
R. Blaine
,
E. Charsley
,
N. Koga
,
R. Ozao
,
H. Sato
,
S. Sauerbrunn
,
D. Schultze
, and
H. Yoshida

Abstract  

Magnetic transition temperatures, Tc, are measured by simultaneous TM/DTA for Alumel, cobalt, nickel, and three alloys of Ni and Co. The observed values of Tc are corrected using the values for the melting temperatures of pure metals used to define the International Temperature Scale. These corrections are based on the simultaneous melting of these pure metals alongside, but separate from, the magnetic sample. Nine investigators, using a wide variety of instrumentation, have made these measurements utilizing a standard protocol. The results are compared for several heating rates. It is planned to make these same magnetic materials ultimately available to the public for calibration of temperature of their TG instruments.

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Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
Authors:
M. Figols
,
R. Gonçalves
,
E. Muramoto
,
S. Sato
,
D. Freire Martinez
,
M. Colturato
,
C. Gonçalves
, and
J. Knust

Abstract  

The described labelling and purification preparation of N-isopropyl-p-131I-amphetamine /131I-IMP/ represents a fast and efficient method to obtain a compound that fulfils all criteria of purity for its in-vivo application. After isotope exchange and quality control131I-IMP could be obtained with radiochemical yields in the range between 68% and 78% with a radiochemical purity of 98–99%. As demonstrated in animal experiments the cerebral affinity of IMP offers a possibility for the diagnosis of brain diseases in clinical studies when the product is labelled with123I.

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Abstract  

During a five-year period, the International Atomic Energy Agency supported a Coordinated Research Programme (CRP) to investigate the quantitative relationship between internal body burdens of a number of elements of environmental health significance and their respective concentrations in hair. The use of nuclear-related analytical techniques, such as neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence, particle-induced X-ray emission and radiotracers, was emphasized. One aspect of the CRP focused on studies in man, using autopsy cases, of mineral distribution in five tissues, i.e. liver, kidney, lung, brain and bone in addition to hair, and the elements of primary importance were As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se and Zn. Emphasis was placed on analytical quality assurance. Hair and internal tissue samples were obtained from subjects from Bulgaria, China, the former German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Japan, Norway and Sweden.

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