Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 10 of 45 items for
- Author or Editor: V. Manchanda x
- Refine by Access: All Content x
Abstract
With increasing global nuclear activities, there is a growing interest in understanding the migration behavior of transuranic elements in the terrestrial environment. The laboratory investigations on the adsorption behavior of AM(III) (
10–7M) in aqueous solutions showed that there was not adsorption of Am(III) on glass or polyethylene vials from aqueous solutions at pH<3. The rate of adsorption was found to be inversely related to the (H+) in the pH range 4–7. It was also found to be strongly influenced by stirring/shaking as well as by the presence of particulate matter in the aqueous phase. The presence of particulate matter (>0.6 
m) in the aqueous solutions significantly inhibits the adsorption rate. Attempts to fit the kinetic data (collected on filtered [particle size >0.6 m] or unfiltered distilled water at pH 6) to the reversible or irreversible first order rate equation did not successfully indicate the complexity of the adsorption process. The presence of 20mg/liter of humic acid at pH 6.3 completely inhibits the adsorption of Am on glass surfaces.
Abstract
The role of temperature on the distribution of Am3+ and UO2 2+ was investigated in the extraction systems involving TBP and DOSO as the neutral oxodonors and picrate as the organophilic counter anion. The inner-sphere water molecules and their substitution by the oxodonor molecules appeared to influence the extraction constants of these metal ions. The conditional extraction constants for Am3+ were found to be larger (about 3 order of magnitude) than those for UO2 2+. From the thermodynamics data it appeared that both TBP as well as DOSO bind Am3+ ion through outer-sphere coordination. In presence of 1M NaCl, though the interaction with TBP remains unaltered DOSO tend to form an inner-sphere complex. On the other hand, UO2 2+ forms inner-sphere complexes with DOSO and outer-sphere complex with TBP in the absence of salt. In the presence of 1M NaCl, both TBP and DOSO form inner-sphere complexes. The effect of ionic strength on metal ion extraction was also investigated.
Abstract
The extraction behavior of Am3+ and UO2 2+ is investigated employing chloroform solution of 18-crown-6 as the organic phase and picrate solution at pH 3.0 as the aqueous phase. In contrast to the commonly observed behavior, the extraction of Am3+ is preferred to that of UO2 2+. This unusual separation behavior is investigated as a function of several variable parameters such as crown ether concentration, picric acid concentration, inert electrolyte concentration, nature of diluent etc. Thermodynamic parameters are also evaluated.
Abstract
Octylphenyl acid phosphate, the commercially available mixture of monooctylphenylphosphoric acid (MOPPA) and dioctylphenylphosphoric acid (DOPPA) in xylene medium has been employed as an extractant for distribution studies on Pu(IV) in different mineral acids including phosphoric acid. It was found possible to extract Pu quantitatively from an acid mixture comprising 2.5M H3PO4, 0.75M H2SO4 and 0.5M HNO3. Quantitative stripping was observed with a mixture of 0.25M oxalic acid and 0.2M ammonium oxalate.
Abstract
Separation of trivalent actinides (An(III)) and lanthanides (Ln(III)) is a challenging task in the nuclear fuel cycle due to their similar charge and chemical behaviour. Some soft donor ligands show selectivity for An(III) over Ln(III) due to the formation of stronger covalent bonds with the former. The extraction behaviour of Am(III) and Eu(III) is studied in the present work with a mixture of Cyanex-301 (bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)di-thiophosphinic acid) with several various ‘N’, ‘O’ or ‘S’ donor neutral ligands. Comparison of the data was done with that of the oxygen donor analogue of Cyanex-301, i.e. Cyanex-272 (bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid). Effect of the organic diluent on the extraction behaviour of Am(III) using Cyanex-301 in presence of ‘N’ donor synergists was also studied. Ab initio molecular orbital calculations were carried out using GAMESS software and charges on the donor atoms were calculated which helped in understanding the co-ordination chemistry of the ligands and explained the separation behaviour.
Abstract
A rapid method for the synergistic extraction and spectrophotometric determination of plutonium(VI) in milligram amounts using a mixture of thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) in benzene has been developed. Quantitative extraction is obtained from aqueous solutions of pH=2 affording separation from many commonly occurring impurities, viz., thorium, fission products and cladding materials. The precision and accuracy of the method has been found to be∼1%. The study of the solid product isolated from the extraction system indicates the stoichiometry of the extracted species as PuO2(TTA)2 TBP.
Abstract
The equilibrium constants for coordination of methyl substituted pyridine N-oxides with plutonium(VI) thenoyl trifluoroacetonate in chloroform (Ks) follow an order similar to those of the analogous uranium(VI) complexes indicating steric hindrance to bonding in the case of ortho substituted pyridine N-oxides. The extraction constants (k) of Pu(VI) chelates with various β-diketones are found to be only marginally higher than the values for the corresponding uranium(VI) chelates which is in conformity with the close similarity of the ionic radii of PuO 2 2+ and UO 2 2+ .
Abstract
The extraction behavior of Th(IV) from dilute nitric as well as perchloric acid medium using 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone (PMBP) and its mixture with tri-n-octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) was investigated. The species of the type Th(X)(PMBP)3·(HPMBP) and Th(X)(PMBP)3·(TOPO) were extracted for the binary and ternary extraction systems, respectively, where X=NO3− or ClO4−. The presence of 1.25·10−5M Th carrier in the aqueous phase resulted in the extracted species of the type of Th(PMBP)4 and Th(PMBP)4·(TOPO), respectively. The extraction constant (logk ex ) for the binary species Th(PMBP)4 was found to be 6.89±0.01 while the overall extraction constant (logK) for the ternary species Th(PMBP)4·(TOPO) was calculated to be 13.17±0.06.
Abstract
The extraction behavior of several metal ions viz., Am3+, Eu3+, UO2 2+, Th4+, Sr2+ and Cs+ was investigated from sulphate medium employing phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The influence of various parameters such as pH, PTA concentration, PEG concentration and salt concentration was studied. The order of extraction followed the trend: Am3+>Eu3+>>Th4+>UO2 2+>Sr2+>Cs+ which deviate significantly from the reported order with conventional solvents. The relatively poor extraction of UO2 2+, Sr2+ and Cs+ was ascribed to their lack of interaction with the phosphotungstate anion. The separation behaviour of Am3+ vis-a-vis Eu3+ was also investigated under different experimental conditions.
Abstract
Extraction behavior of137Cs was studied from nitric acid medium using dibenzo 18 crown 6 (DB18C6), 4,4'(5')di-acetylbenzo 18 crown 6 (DAB18C6), 4, 4'(5')di-hexanoylbenzo 18 crown 6 (DHB18C6), 4,4'(5')di-nonanoylbenzo 18 crown 6 (DNB18C6) and 4,4'(5')di-t-butylbenzo 18 crown 6 (DTBB18C6) in nitrobenzene medium. The stoichiometry of the species extracted with dibenzo 18 crown 6 (L) conformed to ML+. NO3 − TheD Cs values were found not to be affected by the presence of aluminium nitrate in the aqueous phase. The separation behavior of fission products obtained from an irradiated natural uranium target was also studied. Presence of 0.004M phosphotungstic acid found to enhance theD Cs values at lower acidities.
