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- Author or Editor: Wang Yinsong x
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Abstract
The IAEA-386 bovine liver candidate reference material is prepared specially for micro-analytical techniques. The development process including material collection, drying, pulverizing, sieving, homogenization and preliminary test is described in detail. More effective grinding methods were established to achieve the median partiele size of 22 μm. For reasons of quality control and better assessment of resulting data, its certification campaigns on world-wide will be organized by the IAEA.
Abstract
Twenty four male autopsies were obtained from Shanghai, China. The samples of liver, lung, kidney cortex, brain and scalp hair were collected from the autopsies. The elements As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, S, Se and Zn were determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The present study shows the distribution of the elements in different tissues and provides the element level for normal persons in the local area. In general, the results are comparable with those of other countries.
Abstract
In order to evaluate the evolution of contamination we collected river water and sediment samples in the every spring season since 1998. The elemental analysis of water and sediment samples was performed by PIXE using the 3×2 MeV NEC Tandem accelerator at the Taipei Institute of Physics. The characterization of 
- and 
-radioactive levels for water and sediment samples was performed by a BH1216, low background radioactivity instrument at the Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research. The PIXE results showed that the elemental contents of Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn and Pb in river water gradually decreased with the rising tide. At high tide, their concentrations were minimum and then increased toward the ebb tide. The analysis also demonstrated that the radioactivity of water samples had been gradually decreasing year by year. It was found that the decreasing rate of -radioactivity was a little quicker than that of -radioactivity. Further aspects of environmental data evaluation and assessment are also discussed.
Abstract
The atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected in Shanghai, China. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra of Cr, Mn, Cu and Zn were measured. The XANES spectroscopy was used as a fingerprint to compare with that of reference materials to obtain speciation information. The oxidation state of these elements and main chemical components in the samples were described using the method. The results show that in our samples the oxidation state of Cr is trivalent, Mn mainly exists in the divalent state, Cu also exists in the divalent state, and Zn mainly exists in the zinc sulfate. For the XANES spectra of samples with different particle size and from different sampling site, we did not find their obvious differences. When we compared the XANES spectra of our samples with those of standard reference material SRM 1648, we found that they are similar in regards to the determined elements. The elemental concentrations in the samples were determined by proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The difference of elemental concentrations was observed in the different samples.
