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adsorption technique. These catalysts were well characterized by means of 31 P-NMR, UV–visible spectra, FT-IR spectra, thermal analysis, and textural properties. Mo, V and Bi amounts were estimated by ICP-AES analysis. Experimental
for 30 min at 27 °C or at various elevated temperatures (50–200 °C). After cooling down to room temperature, FT–IR spectra were obtained at a 2 cm −1 resolution after the accumulation of 500 scans. Hydrogenation of
–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) theory. The specific surface area was determined by using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) equation. The FT-IR spectra of the catalysts were recorded on Bruker-IFS113V FT-IR apparatus in the range 4,000–400 cm −1 . The samples were ground with KBr
FT-IR spectra of various pectin preparations extracted from press cakes of red and black currant, raspberry and blackberry have shown structural differences. Based on the spectra data degree of esterification (DE) of the pectins was determined and found to be in the range of 50–65.
into natural rubber matrix improved the impact resistance of the natural rubber. Figure 9. Effect of varying percentage of CB and CH filler blends on impact resistance of vulcanizates at 40 phr filler content 3.3 FTIR spectra analysis The IR spectra
Press , San Diego, US , pp. 2651 – 2661 . Snavely , D.L. & Dubsky , J. ( 1995 ): Near-IR spectra of polyethylene, polyethylene glycol and
The IR spectra of the fresh catalysts and recovered catalysts after the fifth recycling are shown in Figs. 3 and 4 . It can be seen that the IR spectra of the recovered catalysts were completely different from that of the fresh catalysts. The IR
. FT-IR spectra were recorded on a RF-IRPrestige-21 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Co., Japan) in the range of 400–4,000 cm −1 . UV–Vis-DRS spectra were obtained on a UV-2550 spectrometer (Shimadzu Co., Japan) equipped with a diffuse reflectance attachment
cyclohexanone in the liquid phase. Experimental Instrument and reagents FT-IR spectra were recorded on a Bomem MB102 model in KBr plates. UV–VIS spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-2100 spectrometer. Powder X
iron oxide-modified sepiolite (IMS). In order to explain why the reaction can occur under the catalysis of IMS, infrared (IR) spectra of formic acid on IMS were used to obtain information about the nature of the surface species and their mode of
