Search Results
Abstract
We proposed an original research design based on applied Scientometrics and frame analysis to assess how a citation was made to sustain arguments in documents on public health policies subjected to online public consultation from 2003 to 2008 in Brazil. So we built on citation studies to create a new scale to estimate why a scientific work was mentioned in our sample of 278 citations. We found that government branches make citations mainly to value their arguments, not to explain them, and that contributors mainly make citations in such a way that could discourage others from engaging in digital democracy.
Citation study of a scientific revolution: Sudden infant death syndrome
I. The new paradigm
Abstract
The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) provides an example of a scientific revolution something like that proposed by Thomas Kuhn. In the early 70s a variety of theories within the paradigm that SIDS affects 
normal
children were superseded by the sleep apnea hypothesis, which is the main theory associated with the new paradigm, that some infants have respiratory abnormalities which put them at risk of near misses of SIDS. Quantitative and qualitative studies of the literature and citations of the work of the scientists considered to be responsible for the new paradigm are used to describe the revolution.
Abstract
Nutrition hypotheses associated with the old paradigm for the cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) have been investigated by a qualitative and quantitative analysis of citations. It is shown that they are reasonable and that they have not definitely been refuted, but that interest in them has declined. The social and political background of infant feeding is outlined, and the scientific revolution is discussed in relation to Kuhn's precepts and external influences on the course of research.
Summary For all rankings of countries research output based on number of publications or citations compared with population, GDP, R&D and public R&D expenses, and other national characteristics the counting method is decisive. Total counting (full credit to a country when at least one of the authors is from this country) and Fractional Counting (a country receives a fraction of full credit for a publication equal to the fraction of authors from this country) of publications give widely different results. Counting methods must be stated, rankings based on different counting methods cannot be compared, and Fractional Counting is to be preferred.
Abstract
The scientific interactions of three peripheral nations in terms of citations and references to scientific literature is considered. The nations chosen are Argentina, Brazil and Norway, each with scientific establishments much smaller than those of central, or major, scientific nations. These three nations cite publications of the central nations strongly in comparison to those of their own country. Of the citations to the publications of these three countries, the bulk are generated from within the country involved. There is comparatively little interaction with neighbours. Further work is needed to determine if these patterns exist for most peripheral countries.
Abstract
The qualitative label ‘international journal’ is used widely, including in national research quality assessments. We determined the practicability of analysing internationality quantitatively using 39 conservation biology journals, providing a single numeric index (IIJ) based on 10 variables covering the countries represented in the journals’ editorial boards, authors and authors citing the journals’ papers. A numerical taxonomic analysis refined the interpretation, revealing six categories of journals reflecting distinct international emphases not apparent from simple inspection of the IIJs alone. Categories correlated significantly with journals’ citation impact (measured by the Hirsch index), with their rankings under the Australian Commonwealth’s ‘Excellence in Research for Australia’ and with some countries of publication, but not with listing by ISI Web of Science. The assessments do not reflect on quality, but may aid editors planning distinctive journal profiles, or authors seeking appropriate outlets.
Abstract
A detailed quantitative, citation study is made on the concepts of Bell, Machlup, and Drucker related to the economic and social effects of the growth of information-based industries.
Abstract
Citation analysis is a useful method for studying a wide range of topics in bibliometrics and the sociology of science. However, many challenges have been made to the validity and reliability of the underlying assumptions, the data, and the methods used in citation studies. This article addresses these issues in three parts. First is a brief review of validity and reliability issues in citation research. Next we explore measurement error in a principal source of journal-to-journal citation data, the Institute for Scientific Information'sJournal Citation Reports. Possible sources of measurement error include discrepancies between citing and cited data, changed or deleted journal titles, aberrant abbreviations, and listing algorithms. The last section is a detailed description of ways to overcome some of the measurement errors. The data and examples are drawn from a journal-to-journal citation study in the fields of Communication, Information Science, and Library Science.
Abstract
The emergence of ideas in economic science is dominated by scientists situated in the US. The brain drain to the US after de Second World War gave economic scientists who stayed behind a chance to obtain a monopoly position in determining the development of economics in their home country. These facts are illustrated by a citations study of economic science in the Netherlands. Especially one man, the Nobel laureate Jan Tinbergen, has left an indelible mark on the way Dutch economic science has developed. The development of Dutch economics shows strong path-dependence.
Evaluation and measurement of Third World countries' research publications: A citation and country-by-country citation study The University of New South Wales Sydney . Osareh , F
