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The ‘mefa’ package contains functions to create ad manage objects combining basic faunistic (sample/species/cont or cross-tabulated) count date and sample/species attribute tables. Segments within the count data and samples with zero count can be indicated and used in subsequent operations. Reports can be generated in plain text or LaTeX format.
], Derivative spectrophotometry (DS) [ 15–18 ] and Ratio difference (RD) [ 19, 20 ] are well established techniques with minimal data manipulations. These methods can be utilized for their simplicity to improve the sensitivity and allow the application of the
Abstract
Aluminosilicate clay samples were analyzed for the constituent elements with respect to a certified reference material using microcrystalline cellulose powder as a binder for presentation as a pressed pellet to an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Sample preparation for presentation is highlighted. The data manipulation to achieve the analytical accuracy from the inherent precision is discussed.
Abstract
-energy for calibrated point sources at a reference distance), (2) detector type and configuration (active body and inactive layers, end cap, windows, housing, shielding, (3) source data (dimension and composition of both container and active material), (4) source-detector geometry (distance, intercepting layers and their composition) and (5) some computational data (Gauss integration coefficients). Gamma-attenuation is calculated upon an extensive (per element and per energy) data file. In the output, efficiency vs. -energy is found, both in forms of tables and graphs. In routine applications accuracies of 3–4% are achieved (not worse than 7% for the most unfavourable geometries). Computation times when using recent PC models are of the order of minutes. ANGLE frame is also easily adjustable to other semiempirical or Monte Carlo models for efficiency calculations.framework for handling error in geographic data manipulation. ITC Journal 1987-1: 73-82. A framework for handling error in geographic data manipulation ITC Journal
Isoconversional analysis of solid state transformations
A critical review. Part II. Complex transformations
f(α) is the conversion function ( Eq. 1 in part I). Thus, Eq. 5 can be used to modify KAS, c-KAS (corrected KAS), CC (Cai-Chen), and Ortega’s methods [ 1 ]. Experimental data manipulation To perform an isoconversional
could be applied to a single plate and analyzed per one development. The proposed HPLC method has the advantage of being accurate, reproducible and more precise than the developed TLC – densitometric with no excessive data manipulation. Furthermore, the
Corpus Querying presents some basic methods on how to collect linguistic data soundly and effectively from text corpora by direct data manipulation that can be done even without knowledge of sophisticated programming languages. In brief, it is an
) . Wickham , H. , François , R. , Henry , L. , and Müller , K. ( 2009 ). DPLYR: A grammar of data manipulation . R Package v. 0.8.3 . Wrigley , C. , Corke , H. , Seetharaman , K. , and Faubion , J. ( 2016 ). Encyclopedia of food grains , 2
probable mechanism function of the studied reaction can be determined. For the calculations of the kinetic parameters a computer program was developed for all the data manipulations. The second approach used for the calculations was based on
