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Abstract
Crystalline PbTiO3 was obtained through the thermal decomposition of 8-hydroxyquinolinate of lead(II) and that of titanium(IV), which was monitored by TG/DTG/DTA under different atmospheric conditions and with varying heating rates. The compound was prepared from adding 8-hydroxyquinoline solution in the solution of metallic ions Pb(II):Ti(IV) (1:1) under constant stirring at 3C, having the pH adjusted to 10. The results of these investigations show that different thermal behavior related to the precursor occurred and also the consequent formation of residues which have different crystallinities. No carbonate residues from the thermal decomposition could be determined by XRD and IR. Only PbTiO3 was observed and confirmed by DSC at 470C, temperature lower than the tetragonal-cubic transition.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the influence of partial substitutions of Ti4+ by isovalent Hf4+ in the perovskite-type crystalline structure of PbTiO3. Different samples over the whole composition range (0 ≤ x≤1) in the PbTi1-xHfxO3 family have been prepared. Phase transitions have been determined by thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimeter: DSC) and complex impedance spectroscopy (IS) over a wide temperature range. As a consequence of the cation replacement the changes that take place in the different phase transition temperature are reported. By both techniques, thermal analysis and electrical characterization, it is shown that for all compositions prepared there is only one phase transition in a temperature range between 230 and 460 °C. With these results and the previously known crystalline structure of pure PbTiO3 and PbHfO3 perovskites, the phase diagram of the PbTi1-xHfxO3 family is presented including a morphotropic phase transition at x ~ 0.5.
Abstract
The heat capacity of PbMO3 (M=Ti, Zr and Hf) at constant pressure was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) from room temperature up to 870 K. Large anomalies were found in the heat capacity curves, corresponding to the ferroelectricparaelectric phase transition in PbTiO3 (PT), the antiferroelectric-paraelectric phase transitions in PbZrO3 (PZ) and PbHfO3 (PH). The transition entropies were estimated as 7.3 J K−1 mol−1 (PT), 9.9 J K−1 mol−1 (PZ) and 9.3 J K−1 mol−1 (PH). These values of transition entropies are much larger than that of a typical displacive-type phase transition.
Abstract
The crystal structures of BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 fine particles have been investigated by powder diffraction using synchrotron radiation high energy X-rays. It is revealed that a BaTiO3 fine particle essentially consists of tetragonal and cubic structure components at 300 K, whereas a PbTiO3 fine particle consists of a tetragonal structure. Adopting a structure model for the BaTiO3 particle that a cubic shell covers a tetragonal core, the thickness of cubic BaTiO3 shell is estimated at almost constant irrespective of particle sizes. Successive phase transitions are detected in 100 nm particles of BaTiO3 near the phase-transition temperatures of a bulk crystal. The changes in diffraction profiles are small, but they are apparent for a most up-to-date powder diffractometry.
product. Up to now, some heterometallic lead-transition complexes have been explored as SSPs to mixed-metal oxides [ 23 – 28 ], however, to the best of our knowledge, few studies have been reported on the preparation of pure PbTiO 3 by structurally
modern ferroelectrics . Science . 315 : 954 – 963 10.1126/science.1129564 . 4. Yang , Y , Wang , XH , Sun , CK , Li , LT . 2008 . Photoluminescence of high aspect-ratio PbTiO 3