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This paper aims to outline three topics in connection with money in Roman law. Firstly, the traditional concept of money is examined through ancient legal sources, leading to a deeper scrutiny of certain decision-making principles of Roman lawyers, namely that of naturalis ratio and rerum natura . After the evaluation of the related sources, it becomes clear that these principles were used as a kind of canon to separate naturalis and absurdus , and that is why naturalis ratio and rerum natura became the foundation stone of several cases. Finally, the issue of iactus missilium is analysed, focusing mainly on the question whether it is really traditio in incertam personam , or something else. The texts dealing with iactus missilium are on the one hand highly unanimous concerning the terminology, while on the other hand they contain merely pro forma arguments. After a closer examination of these texts as well as their true nature, the iactus missilium seems rather the unity of derelictio and occupatio than traditio in incertam personam .
autoputa kroz Srem. Novi Sad, 175–180. Sz. Burger, A. 1966 The Late Roman Cemetery at Ságvár. ActaArchHung 18, 99–234. Sz. Burger, A. 1985–1986 The Roman Villa and Mausoleum at Kővágószőlős near Pécs
to the connection of the plant to the tradition of the Roman ovatio . Careful consideration of the Virgilian attribution of the myrtle to Camilla will reveal the poet's extensive allegorical engagement with contemporary Roman history in his
Intercisa The auxiliary castellum and vicus of Intercisa both lie in the area of modern Dunaújváros, on the loess table of Öreghegy, south of the former Dunapentele settlement. Before the arrival of the Romans, the area was inhabited by the
When scrutinizing the concept of authority, presenting the basic definition of auctoritas, the capacity of increase and augmentation, Hannah Arendt appositely quotes the relevant passage by Cicero, according to which the task of founding the state, the human community, as well as the preservation of what has already been founded, highly resembles the function of the numen, the divine operation (Cicero, De re publica 1, 7. "Neque enim est ulla res in qua propius ad deorum numen virtus accedat humana, quam civitatis aut condere novas aut conservare conditas."); and in connection with this, she states that, from this aspect, the Romans regarded religious and political activity as being almost identical. The paper will examine various aspects of the numen, one of the most important phenomena of Roman religion (I.), its etymology (II.), the institution of the triumphus, a phenomenon seeming to be relevant from this point of view (III.), then the concept of numen Augusti, incorporating these elements of the religious sphere into the legitimation of power. (IV.)
Beginning with the well-known fact that one lost a lawsuit if he made even a single verbal mistake in his speech during the process of the legis actio (Gai. inst. 4, 11. 30), we have to examine through some examples the power of verbality in ius sacrum. (I.) We study the development of the concept of fatum (II.), a narration of Plinius maior concerning the dedicatio of the templum of Ops Opifera (III.), another narration based on a source of Plinius related to a special interpretation of prodigium (IV.), as well as parallels that can be discovered between “fruges excantare” and the ceremony of the evocatio (V.). From thes one could gain a picture of connection between Roman religion and jurisprudence of the Archaic Age and the spoken word.
Glass vessels in Pannonia The Pannonian glass industry played a significant role and was a melting pot between the West and the eastern part of the Empire. Due to its unique association with Roman culture, blown glass played an important role in
The Roman cult of Mithras in the 1 st century AD evolved probably in Rome or one of the major cultural and economic hubs of the Roman Empire (Ostia, Poetovio) as one of the numerous small group religions which will create a dynamic and new
Roman religion exclusively, but a detailed segment of a social history of the province, where Roman religious communication is part of the process of the so-called “Romanisation” and it represents a social aspect of provincial life. 26
, the chemical and green revolutions, legal protection was limited to actions and omissions that resulted in concrete damage and posed a danger to the immediate environs, especially to neighbors. The Romans endeavored to curb them, especially by limiting
