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patterns? To answer such a question, it is not possible to rerun the course of science using an alternative set of publishing practices. Instead, we show in this paper that an agent-based computer simulation model of academic publication can provide insight
At present, efforts are made to improve the passenger’s thermal comfort inside the vehicle. The thermal comfort level depends on the air conditioning and heating system. The conventional heating systems use the heat excess delivered by the vehicle’s engine. Nevertheless, this heat excess is insufficient for warming the interior air to a comfort level. In order to improve the conventional heating method, auxiliary heating devices are required. The paper deals with the analysis and measurement of the PTC heater characteristics. A test-bench is described. The heating process inside the vehicle is analyzed and a model and simulations are also presented.
Fu, M. C. - Andradottir, S. - Carson, J. S. - Glover, F. - Harrell, C. R.- Ho, Y. C. - Kelly, J. P. -Robinson, S. M. (2000): Integrating Optimization and Simulation: Research and Practice. In: Jones, J. A
Abstract
There are existing techniques for building; lightning protection for tall buildings, however, the design of an effective system requires a different approach from the typical one developed for houses or normal size buildings. This category includes skyscrapers and wind turbines, whose number is rapidly increasing. The number of upward, positive strikes and ones that strike into the side of the tower are not negligible. In the latter case, the increasing nominal power increases the dimensions of the turbine, and the risk of a strike, too. Therefore, their expected lifetime may be shortened, and the classical space calculation models have to be rethought and refined.
In this work, the probability modulated attractive volume method is applied to examine wind turbines with one and two receptors. Besides that, some investigations of high buildings for negative and positive lightning were evaluated to determine the change of the attractive space.
For the risk calculation, the knowledge of the ratio of the striking distances is necessary, which can be determined based on laboratory measurements. The deficiency of each arrangement is demonstrated through simulations and laboratory measurements.
References [1] Hensen J. L. M. , Lamberts R. (Eds.) Building performance simulation for design and operation , Spon Press , London , 2011
Journal of Electrostatics 2013 71 373 376 Horváth I. Simulation of a memristor-spark-gap model for
Network models are traditional in community ecology. For example, they provide a rich analytical toolkit to put higher predators into a multispecies context. Better understanding their top-down effects and the potential bottom-up control on them would be of key importance for predictive ecosystem management. Food web architecture may be used to predict community dynamics, but it is an old question how reliable are the studies considering only static information. A general and intuitive assumption is that stronger links (with larger weights) mediate stronger effects. We study this statement and use an illustrative case study. We investigate the trophic structure of the Prince William Sound food web in terms of biomass flows, and study its simulated dynamics in a stochastic modelling framework. We aim to understand bottom-up effects of preys on consumers: we focus on the fluctuations of top predator populations, following disturbance on their prey. Several disturbance regimes are studied and compared. Food web structure and link weight generally predict well the average impacts of preys on top-predators, with larger flows mediating stronger effects. Most exceptions appear for weak links: these are less predictable, some of them can be surprisingly important.
of non-isothermal and isothermal kinetic models simulations led to a beneficial kinetic model of thermal decomposition to predict the thermal hazard of LOPs. The chosen approach was to establish an effective model of the thermal decomposition that
. ( 2014 ), Transient Numerical Simulation of Linear Thermal Transmittance in Software CalA . Envibuild 2014 . Trans Tech Publications . Switzerland . [12] Horká
, Akadémiai Kiadó , Budapest , 2008 . [8] Iványi A. Continuous and discrete simulations in electrodynamics
