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In this paper I argue that the early moral philosophy of Ákos Pauler was informed by eugenic and racial hygienic theories of his age. Perhaps one of the key social theorists of his time was the British philosopher Herbert Spencer who arguably had an influence on the moral theories of Pauler as well. Pauler became an influential theoretician in Hungary during the interwar period. His ideological commitments to Christinity and national values made him favorable to the authoritarian politics of the 1920s and 30s. His significance lasted until the end of the 1940s; during the Socialist period from 1948 to 1989 Pauler’s heritage was played down because of the idological divide between the two political eras. However, after the transition, the works of Pauler were re-discovered and my study contributes to this strand of research from an intersectional perspective. In this paper I will analyze how conceptulizations of race and gender structured their moral theories in which the responsibility of women was understood in terms of their reproductive contribution to their country’s racial future. I claim that Pauler’s early moral philosophy rests on racially informed principles that justify gender subordination.
The missing unit of inheritance: Cultural Evolution's elephant in the room
A review of Alex Mesoudi (2011) Cultural Evolution: How Darwinian theory can explain human culture and synthesize the social sciences. The publisher is University of Chicago Press, ISBN: 978-0-22-652044-5
Abstract
In this paper, examples are given of how calorimetric values can give greater certainty to phase equilibria calculated from thermodynamic data. Errors that may arise when phase diagram evaluations are carried out largely from the basis of Gibbs energy information only are illustrated by reference to recent evaluations of the Ti−Si system and the resulting calculated oxidation behaviour of titanium silicides. The importance of calorimetric values for calculation of metastable phase equilibria is demonstrated by results of work on the AlN−TiN hard-metal coating system. Finally, suggestions are made with regard to areas of work where calorimetric data are urgently needed.
We show that in almost every random graph process, the hitting time for havingk edge-disjoint spanning trees equals the hitting time for having minimum degreek.
Abstract
211Pb and its daughters are produced in a generator system which utilizes the distillation of the intermediate daughter219Rn from223Ra. The radium is precipitated as the stearate to isolate the parent while allowing the gaseous daughter to emanate. While the yield of the system is low, approximately 10%, the radionuclidic purity is extremely high. No measurable223Ra is found in the product.223Ra is separated from its parent,227Ac, by cation exchange.
Summary
Crotoxin is a 23 kDa neurotoxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus and is composed of a 9 kDa acidic subunit (crotapotin) and a 14 kDa basic subunit (phospholipase A2). Crotamine is 4882 Da, basic polypeptide with myotoxic activity. These toxins, when submitted to gamma-rays, in aqueous solution, present structural modifications, preserving their immunogenic properties. In the present work, we investigated some structural modifications on both crotoxin and crotamine after gamma-radiation using various doses, in the presence or not of “scavenger” substances. Our results indicate that irradiation leads to progressive changes in the structure of the toxin, which could explain the lower toxicity observed.
