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Thermogravimetric analysis on gasification reactivity of Hailar lignite
Influence of inherent mineral matters and external ash
al. [ 6 ] investigated the influence of mineral matters on the Greek lignite gasification by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and fixed-bed reactor. They found that Ca, Na, K, and Mg elements have distinct catalytic effects on promoting gasification
]. Moreover, it is used as a rapid and simple method for purity evaluation, where the purity is high (i.e., the main product is SWCNT and the remaining is catalyst). Although it is of interest to use thermogravimetric analysis (TG) for other types of SWCNT
polymers using thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Statistical evaluations are important because of inherent property variability among composite test samples. Analyzing the probability of well-dispersed fillers in composite materials is necessary because of
Abstract
Sodium montmorillonite has been modified via cation exchange reaction using gemini surfactants. Montmorillonite modified by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) is used for comparation. Basal spacings and thermal stability of these organo-montmorillonite clays have been characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The d(001) spacings of montmorillonite-Gemini14, montmorillonite-Gemini16, montmorillonite-Gemini18 can reach above 35 Å compared with the 23.66 Å of the montmorillonite-CTAB at 2.2CEC. The thermogravimetric analysis show four-step degradation which corresponds to residual water desorption, dehydration, followed by decomposition of the organic modifier and the dehydroxylation of the organo-montmorillonite. In addition, DTG enables two different structural arrangements of gemini surfactant molecules intercalating the montmorillonite to be proposed that is different from montmorillonite-CTAB.
Abstract
Bone provides an important source of forensic evidence. The storage conditions of bone have been recognised as a factor in maintaining the integrity of such evidence. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) has been employed to examine the effects of storage environments and preparation methods on the structural properties of pig bones. A comparison of oven and freeze drying has been made to study the effect of storage conditions. A comparison has also been made of ground bone specimens with cut specimens. Freeze-dried hand ground specimens provided the most consistent results and, thus, this is the recommended method of preparation of bone specimens for TG analysis.
. Thermoanalytical techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) are commonly used to investigate the pyrolytic characteristics and kinetics of solid raw materials [ 9 , 10 ]. In TG, the mass loss of a sample is measured
Abstract
An accurate means of determining bone age is a goal for forensic scientists. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has been used to examine pig bone specimens of different post-mortem age. Analysis of bone in both air and nitrogen atmospheres reveals a decrease in total mass loss as the bones age. Two mass loss steps due to the decomposition of the organic bone components were observed and show decreasing trends with age for decomposition in an air atmosphere. In a nitrogen atmosphere the decomposition was observed to be more complex and age dependence of the mass loss for each step was not identified. The TGA data, however, demonstrates the potential of the technique as a means of estimating post-mortem age of forensic bone specimens.
. Thermogravimetric analysis Thermogravimetric analysis (Perkin Elmer, Pyris 1 TGA, USA) were made at a heating rate of 10 °C min −1 from room temperature to 850 °C in the presence of high purity nitrogen/20 cm 3 min −1 . X
Abstract
Attention was paid to seventeen samples of polynitro arenes. Stability of these nitrocompounds was specified by means of non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Linear relationships were specified between the positions of TG-onsets and the mass of the samples. The relation of slopes of the mentioned relationships to the rate constants of the thermal decomposition under condition of Russian manometric method (SMM) was confirmed and solved for studied polynitro arenes. These arene derivatives were classified into several groups in the sense of this relation. The classification was interpreted by dominating influence of intermolecular interaction factors on the corresponding TG-onsets positions. The found relations can be used for the TG results conversion to the parameters, which are comparable with SMM outputs.
Introduction Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and its first derivative (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) are technical very employed in the identification of the mineral phases or compositional analysis in materials
