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Introduction Water is a fundamental element of life. Its multiple uses are indispensable for a wide spectrum of human activities. The industrial and demographic expansion observed in recent decades has resulted in impairment of
frequency to investigate food components as well as to detect food adulteration. Butter, due to its relatively high price, is frequently adulterated either with foreign fats (of animal or vegetable origin) or water. The name “butter” is reserved for a
carbon and water is determined, the contribution can not be calculated per mole but per gram for each of the components of the binary system. In this article the authors made this approximation, calculated the enthalpy changes listed above, and studied
on pure ILs and their mixtures with common organic solvents [ 4 – 6 ], most of them concerning imidazolium-based ILs. Some works have dealt with the thermodynamic properties of (RTILs + water) binary systems [ 7 – 9 ], and a growing number of
Aqueous nanostructures in water induced by electromagnetic fields emitted by EDS
A conductometric study of fullerene and carbon nanotube EDS
Introduction “No one really understands water. It is embarrassing to admit it, but the stuff that covers two-thirds of our planet is still a mystery. Worse, the more we look, the more the problems accumulate: new techniques
for binary mixtures of (TBP + methanol/ethanol) have been reported previously [ 13 ] to understand the molecular interactions existing in liquid mixtures. As a part of the systematic study, excess molar enthalpies for ternary mixtures of (TBP + water
. 1999 107 907 O.A.H. Jones, N. Voulvoulis , and J.N. Lester , Water Res. 36 (2002) 5013
. García-Sánchez , I. M. ( 2006 ): Efficiency Measurement in Spanish Local Government: The Case of Municipal Water Services . Review of Policy Research 23 ( 2 ): 355 – 371
Treatment of water-induced curvature of the DSC heat flow rate signal
Applied to fractionated nucleation of polypropylene dispersed in water
and the effects of confinement on the crystallization process [e.g., 9 , 11 , 18 – 20 ]. Homogeneous nucleation in water-borne dispersions of polymers In this study, water was used as the dispersion matrix for a maleic
Abstract
During the last years, the demand for biofuels has increased significantly. In Brazil, a production of 1 billion liters of biodiesel was produced by the end of 2007, due to its obligatory use in the composition of the diesel for vehicle use. In this production, a hundred thousand tons of glycerol are produced as by-product, for which alternative uses are needed. As glycerol has already been studied by other conventional characterization methods in the past, thermal analysis has been used mostly for characterization of sub ambient temperature properties of glycerol. In this paper, thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used for its thermal characterization above room temperature. Thermal stability was determined from experimental data, which show that even in air, only a very small part of the volatilized glycerol is burned out. A thermogravimetric quantitative method was developed to determinate the water content of glycerol–water mixtures, which also was used to quantify the water impurity in pro-analysis samples of glycerol, showing compatible results with those obtained by Karl Fischer method.
