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Introduction In the recent years, an increased interest in obtaining composite materials with natural component as wood sawdust, flax, sisal, jute, and hemp fiber has been observed [ 1 – 7 ]. Lignocellulosics are favored as new
Experimental and numerical analysis of wood thermodegradation
Mass loss kinetics
Introduction Nowadays, the use of wood as building material is promoted. The heat treatment of the wood by mild pyrolysis is used to improve some of the characteristics of the final wood product, such as, its durability and
Introduction The identification of wood is one of the most difficult tasks to perform related with the technology of this material, due to the wide variety of species and anatomical heterogeneity of its elements. Wood
]. Previously, it was shown that a significant intensification of oxidative delignification of wood by hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid–water medium at 120–130 °C takes place in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst or suspended TiO 2 [ 3 , 4 ]. Under these
Introduction The major chemical components of wood are cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives [ 1 ]. Thermal stability of wood is usually studied by thermogravimetry (TG) [ 2 – 11 ]. Wood materials are known to
Introduction At present, there is growing interest to use wood and wood-based materials for applications in both residential and non-residential building construction [ 1 , 2 ]. However, wood and wood-based materials
Abstract
Thermal treatment is one of environmental friendly wood modification processes, developed in order to improve wood’s natural durability and dimensional stability. Beside wood species, mainly isothermal temperature of heat-treatment and process duration affect these properties, which also correlate with the mass losses caused by the treatment. However, there is a lack of suitable external quality control methods. In this work thermogravimetry as a potential method for determining the degree of thermal modification is presented. Several calibration curves, representing the mass losses in a certain temperature range (the values obtained from the TG curves) compared to weight losses caused by previous heat-treatment (known values), were established for spruce wood samples modified at different isothermal temperatures (from 170 to 220 °C). Linear plot and good correlation factors (R 2 = 0.95 and 0.96) were obtained for the TG mass losses from 130 to 280 °C and from 130 to 300 °C, both under nitrogen atmosphere. The predominant cause of mass loss in this temperature region was depolymerisation and thermal decomposition of hemicelluloses residues. Lower correlation factors were obtained under the air atmosphere and in the wider temperature range, respectively.
Introduction Wood has strongly influenced cultures throughout the centuries because of its easy manufacturing of furniture, sculptures, and pieces of art and artifacts found in ancient churches, such as paintings, frames
Introduction For centuries, wood has been widely used both as structural and decorative material in buildings and for other uses. However, one of its key disadvantages is its high combustibility, which is determined by its
by the lowest energy content because of the highest inorganic content. The wood samples release the highest yield of volatile matter, whereas the sewage sludge evolves the lowest amount of volatile products. The values of the energy content and
