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The Šine-Usu Inscription is the most voluminous one with 50 lines among the Uighur inscriptions. Although most parts of this inscription can be well understood, many words and sentences in the south and west sides are not so. These sides are now severely damaged. W..GšNG in the 4th line of the west side has been differently interpreted by researchers. The author regards xNùx±±v W..GšNG as a misreading for xNùx±±N N..GšNG, and amends it as xNùx[vL]N N[LW]GšNG an[lu]γšanïγ, suggesting that the letter groups TKGWYILKA …… N[LW]GšNGYWwKïKILms in this line should be read as taqïγu yïlqa …… an[lu]γšanïγ yoq q͜ ïlmïš “In the Fowl year (= 757), …… allegedly he (or they) eliminated Anluγšan (= An Lushan)”.
The paper argues that structural case assignment properties of English and German reduced comparative subclauses arise from syntactic requirements as well as processes holding at the syntax-phonology interface. I show that constructions involving both an adjectival and a verbal predicate require the subject remnant of the adjectival predicate to be marked for the accusative case both in English and German, which cannot be explained by the notion of default accusative case, especially because German has no default accusative case. I argue that a phonologically defective subclause is reanalysed as part of the matrix clausal object, and hence receives accusative morphological case.
К вопросу о страдательном залоге в языках, распространенных на берегу Балтийского моря, с акцентом на севернорусском диалекте
On Passive Voice in Languages Spoken in the Baltic Sea Region with an Emphasis on North Russian Dialect
The two characteristics of the passive voice found in the North Russian dialect and in other Circum-Baltic languages, the accusative case of the patient or theme as an argument of a verb with passive morphology and intransitive verbs passivized raise a number of related questions. The author of the present paper explores the issues under discussion from an areal-historical perspective, concluding that the aforementioned languages have a tendency for the agent to be the same element as the subject and the patient or theme to be the same element as the (direct) object of the sentence. In the North Russian dialect, we can see an example where the above fact holds true irrespective of whether the verb has an active or a passive morphology as the theme of the sentence assumes the accusative case regardless of whether it is an argument of a verb in the active or in the passive voice.
The question as to what lexical elements can function as subjects is itself interesting. Moreover, there seems to be a correlation between what level of abstraction the syntactic category of subject has reached in a language and the existence of a pure passive mean- ing. The less abstract the category of subject is, as in case of Circum-Baltic languages, the farther structures with a passive morphology seem to be from a pure passive meaning. In languages such as English, however, where virtually any noun can function as a subject, there seems to be a pure passive meaning and there is only one morphological way of form- ing passive sentences.
The nature of linguistic similarities found in genetically less related languages spoken in the same area has been given a number of varied accounts. The most salient of them ap- pears to be B. Drinka’s explanation based on the influence of Western European languages on ones spoken in the East of the area where once the Hanseatic League existed in the middle ages and I. Seržant’s theory concerning the foregrounding of the agent as passive structures with a stative interpretation gradually assumed a dynamic one.
In fact, participles in the North Russian dialect ending in -n / -t can express a dynam- ic, that is, eventive interpretation with a perfect meaning and can even co-occur with the -sja / -s’ postfix, the latter phenomenon being absolutely unimaginable in Standard Russian, where the two affixes are in complementary distribution. The author assumes that the topic should be studied from the perspective of sociology and cultural anthropology as well since linguistic similarities and differences often reflect similarities and differences in thinking beyond the realm of linguistics.
assigned Accusative case which is the default case in case of affirmative exceptives. It is called affirmative exceptive, although the exception phrase is not affirmative, simply because the main clause does not include a negative element. The excepted
individual processes. Further to this point are data of the following nature, which posit an additional issue unique to Polish, in which participles may agree with the genitive noun or may bear accusative case: (5
–accusative languages, the source of the nominative Case feature is T, and the source of the accusative Case feature is v. An overt NP with no Case is ruled out by the Case Filter, i.e., Case assignment amounts to NP licensing. Morphological case is the postsyntactic
with DP-level semantics. When a plural object of a result-oriented verb occurs in the accusative case, the direct object must refer to a determinate quantity of things, whereas in the case of the partitive no such implication is present (6) ( Kiparsky
take to tame the verbal hydra? Manuscript . Csirmaz , Anikó . 2008 a. Accusative case and aspect . In É. Kiss (2008a, 159
to the distribution of the set of allomorphs marking accusative case in Kolyma Yukaghir, a distribution which like the spurious antipassive in Chukchi does not correspond to the direct/inverse divide, and which crucially depends on the φ-features of
. In HGC, the name of the attribute is msd instead of pos. universal code meaning HGC code DET determiner DET NOUN noun FN.* NOUN.ACC noun in accusative case FN.*ACC ADJ adjective MN.* VERB.DEF verb with definite conjugation .*IGE.*T.* INF infinitive
