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Finn, S. T., Park, R. D., Tyler, J. W., Twedt, D. C. and Curtis, C. R. (1991): Ultrasonographic assessment of sincalide-induced canine gallbladder emptying: an aid to the diagnosis of biliary obstruction. Vet. Rad. 32 , 269
biliary obstruction submitted to bilioduodenal or biliojejunal anastomosis. Dig. Dis. Sci. 53 , 1138–1145. Neder L. Evaluation of hepatobiliary excretion and enterobiliary reflux in
stents for malignant biliary obstruction: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest. Endosc., 2015, 82 (2), 256–267.e7. 4 Dumonceau, J. M., Tringali, A., Blero, D., et al.: Biliary
pathophysiology of biliary obstruction and its effect on phagocytic and immune function J Surg Res 57 316 36 . 4. JA
Tuberculosis (TB) of the hepatobiliary system is a rare cause of biliary stricture. Obstructive jaundice secondary to tubercular lymphadenitis is an uncommon presentation. Most cases of tubercular biliary hilar stricture are diagnosed postoperatively. Tuberculosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hilar biliary obstruction in patients from tuberculosis endemic areas. The authors report the first case of hilar stricture of tuberculosis which was diagnosed on chest X-ray, fine needle aspiration cytology from periportal lymph node, not on surgical pathology and improved on anti-tubercular treatment (ATT).
Az idegen testek, illetve a táplálékbezoárok ritkán okoznak epeúti elzáródást. Általában korábbi epeúti beavatkozást követően (endoszkópos sphincterotomia, biliodigesztív anastomosis) vagy duodenumdiverticulum jelenlétekor jönnek létre. Legtöbbször nem okoznak panaszt, elhagyják a gyomor-bél rendszert, de epeúti elzáródáskor hasi görcsös fájdalom, elzáródásos sárgaság jelentkezik. Az endoszkópos retrográd cholangiopancreatographia nyújt segítséget a felismerésben és a kezelésben. A szerzők 91 éves nőbetegük kórtörténetét ismertetik, akinél hányás, jobb bordaív alatti nyomásérzékenység hátterében paradicsomhéj okozta epeúti elzáródás igazolódott. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1907–1910.
Inflammation and oxidative stress are important pathways in the development of liver fibrosis following biliary obstruction.Aim: To evaluate the effects of low dose dexamethasone and chitosan, a natural compound with no side-effects, on liver damage caused by bile duct ligation in rats.Materials and methods: Fifty female Wistar rats, randomly and equally divided in 5 groups: I (SHAM) underwent only laparotomy, II (BDL) with bile duct ligation, III (DEX) 0.125 mg/kg dexamethasone i.m. daily, IV (CS) 1 mg/kg chitosan by gavage and group V (DEX+CS), both substances. After six days, the following parameters were assessed from liver homogenates: malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), reduced glutathione (GSH), total SH groupings, nitric oxide (NO), and from plasma: MDA, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TB). A histopathological examination was performed using some of the elements of the Knodell Histological Activity Index.Results: BDL significantly increases the levels of MDA, liver enzymes, and the necro-inflammatory score compared to the sham group and it decreases the antioxidant capacity. DEX protects against lipid peroxidation and improves the antioxidant capacity, but it is not able to protect the hepatocytes. Chitosan significantly decreases (p<0.05) the levels of MDA (0.07±0.01 vs 0.10±0.01 nmoles/mg protein BDL group, p=0.027) and also ALT, TB, GGT and reduces liver necrosis and inflammation (2.75±0.95 vs 1±0, p<0.05). Both CS and DEX reduce the level of NO significantly.Conclusion: BDL induces severe oxidative stress damage after six days already. Chitosan proved very efficient in protecting the hepatocytes against oxidative stress, a fact supported by the histological findings.
E Morris J Leyden P MacMathuna 2007 Malignant distal biliary obstruction: A systematic review
. , Toni , P. , Rollan , E. and Fermin , M. L. ( 1997 ): Ultrasonographic appearance of extrahepatic biliary obstruction in the dog: a description of 7 cases . Eur. J. Comp. Anim. Med. 7 , 79 – 83
, M. L. 1997: Ultrasonographic appearance of extrahepatic biliary obstruction in the dog: a description of 7 cases. Eur. J. Comp. Anim. Med. 7 , 79-83. Ultrasonographic appearance of extrahepatic biliary obstruction in the
