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clinicians to deliver psychedelic-assisted therapies ( Phelps, 2017 ). Yet, despite these developments, and an impressive spate of progressive and well-intentioned international investigators, the science as a whole remains severely lacking in diversity and
endophytes in dicotyledonous neotropical trees: patterns of abundance and diversity . – Mycol. Res. 105 ( 12 ): 1502 – 1507 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756201004956 Bae , H. , Sicher
the pioneer vegetation but they receive little attention in science when compared to various groups of plants ( Coleine et al . 2020 , Deacon 2013 ). Sacred groves, the tribal community-based plant diversity repositories, are fragments of
. Galfetti J. Guex 2009 Good genes and good luck: ammonoid diversity and the end-Permian mass extinction Science 325
et al . 2013 , Jung et al . 2006 ). In the current scenario, the assessment of genetic and chemical diversity is the most renowned approach for identification and characterisation of elite species. Molecular markers with biochemical and
Studying fungal diversity in various environmental samples provides us with valuable knowledge about the occurrence of fungi of medical and ecological importance. Moreover, fungal composition may also characterise well the botanical and geographical source of food products, such as the origin of the spore enriched honeydew honeys. Thereby, we identified a wide spectrum of fungi found in 100 of honey samples from various geographical sources – most of them were from Italy, Greece and Hungary. Our honeydew honeys had a higher mean of the number of spore types found in them than floral honeys had. Statistically significant differences in diversity were found regarding the botanical source (p = 1.29 × 10–9) and the climatic classification (p = 2.28 × 10–2) according to Kruskal– Wallis rank sum tests. Most frequently encountered genera included ubiquitous saprotrophic species (Alternaria, Cladosporium, Epicoccum nigrum, Stemphylium), both in floral and honeydew honeys. On the other hand, certain sooty moulds like Aureobasidium pullulans, Tripospermum and Capnobotrys were rather present in different types of honeydew honeys. Metschnikowia reukaufii, the nectar inhabiting yeast reached considerably high quantities in floral honey samples. Present findings encourage further studies on quantifying the occurrence and the indicator value of specific fungal elements in honey, concerning its origin.
The genetic diversity of cultivated spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) presently is narrow. Evaluation of germplasm collections of spelt on quality level supplemented with DNA analysis is, therefore, of great importance. This study was designed to help the evaluation process for the selection of new spelt varieties with a support of molecular characterization. A total of 30 genotypes, including two common wheat varieties, were included in the evaluation of genetic diversity on quality and DNA levels. According to the quality attributes, spelt flours exhibited medium rheological parameters and many of them had average gluten quality. AFLP analysis was conducted to evaluate phylogenetic relationships and the genetic diversity present in the accessions. A high level of genetic diversity was revealed by the very high PIC values. Two main clusters could be separated on the dendrogram: a cluster with genotypes that have common wheat in their pedigree and another cluster consisting of pure spelt accessions. The extent of genetic diversity in the spelt germplasm collections was confirmed not only by molecular markers but on the basis of quality assessment.
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a primary agent associated with mycoplasma pneumonia and the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Various reports have indicated that different strains of M. hyopneumoniae are circulating in the swine population. Lysates from lung swabs from naturally infected pigs of different ages were tested according to a new variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) genetic typing method based on the polyserine repeat motif of the P146 lipoproteoadhesin, which can be applied directly on clinical material without isolation of M. hyopneumoniae . The aim was to determine the diversity of M. hyopneumoniae isolates from conventional farrow-to-finish pig farms located in different geographical areas of Serbia. PCR amplification was carried out using M. hyopneumoniae -specific designed, conserved primers (p146MH — L and p146MH — R) flanking the region encoding the repeat motif, followed by sequencing and cluster analysis. Five groups of M. hyopneumoniae with thirteen to twenty-four serine repeats were observed. Analysis of three samples from each farm indicated that the specific isolate is ubiquitous in pigs of different ages. Furthermore, seven clusters were observed within 27 tested samples. The results indicated a considerable diversity among M. hyopneumoniae field isolates in the swine population from conventional farrow-to-finish farms in Serbia and suggest close genetic relatedness of the corresponding isolates.
The species composition and diversity of epipelic algae and physicochemical characteristics in Limni Lake were studied between June and November 2005. The epipelic algal flora is comprised of 46 taxa from four divisions: Bacillariophyta (22), Chlorophyta (15), Euglenophyta (8) and Dinophyta (1). Gonatozygon aculeatum is a new record for Turkey. Some physical factors, such as light and temperature affected development of the epipelic algal flora. The seasonal changes in the diversity index showed an inverse pattern to total cell number. Limni Lake has eutrophic lake characteristics.
, P., Capece , A. & Jespersen , L. (2006): Taxonomic and ecological diversity of food and beverage yeasts.-in: Querol , A. & Fleet , G.H. (Eds) The yeast handbook: Yeasts in food and beverages . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp. 13
