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Multilingual Policy and Multilingual Education in Europe According to Joze Manuel Vez ( 2009 ), multilingualism is regarded as “ the plus factor for European integration, competitiveness and the growth and better jobs .” In
museums, as multilingual texts were not typical there either. This phenomenon is causing serious frustration among students – most of them have mentioned the importance of the Google Translate program, without which they would not go to a foreign museum
Introduction The aim of the language policy of the European Union is to provide all citizens with multilingual education that enables them to speak at least two languages in addition to their mother tongue ( European
cheap labor was supported (such as Austria), a significant difference can be found ( Herzog-Punzenberger, 2008 ). The perception of migration, interculturalism, and multilingualism on the level of the society can also have an influence on the
After the demise of apartheid, the ANC government in South Africa elevated nine African languages to the status of official languages, on a par with the two official languages during the apartheid regime (1948–1991), Afrikaans and English. With eleven official languages in this vast country, the home of some 50 million people, one may expect a high level of translational activities, as is seen in, for instance, the EU, with 23 official languages - one of which happens to be English. However, although English plays an important role in the European media, it has an all but dominant role in South African media. To the extent that translation is found in South African media, it tends to be either between English and Afrikaans or from an African language into English, not from English into an African language. This paper establishes a theoretical framework distinguishing between varying degrees of visibility in (media) translation, and exemplifies various translational phenomena typical of the special conditions found in South Africa, with the local use of English as a de facto lingua franca reinforced by the global success of Anglophone culture.
, M. 1997 . Multilingual thesaurus construction: integrating the views of different cultures in one gateway to knowledge and concepts . Knowledge Organization 24 ( 2 ), 84 – 91 . 8
Ghana is close to zero. Ghana is a highly multilingual country with no national language ( Boahene-Agbo, 1985 ). As a result, language choice is determined by social factors, such as the background of the interlocutors involved in the
Toward the end of twentieth century, studies of international literature emphatically began to reflect on societal and cultural processes that relativize globalized, bi- and multilingual, and national perspectives ( Németh and Roguska, 2018 , p. 5
Language: Perspectives and Pedagogical Issues . Bristol, Multilingual Matters. pp. 34–57. 2 Austin, P. K. & Sallabank, J. (2011, eds) Cambridge Handbook of Endangered Languages. Cambridge, Cambridge University
lead to serious harm and preventable adverse events. Multiple research studies have reported on the difficulties of communication in multicultural, multilingual healthcare settings. To summarise, experts emphasise the necessity of clear
