Search Results
Abstract
Nuclear medicine and radiotherapy make a vital contribution to the diagnosis and treatment of major disease. This role is likely to expand with new developments including availability of new medical isotopes. A European network (EMIR) was initiated in 2001 by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, to identify and solve difficulties that constrain nuclear medicine and radiotherapy development in Europe and facilitate closer interdisciplinary collaboration. Participating organisations include the main European associations of medical radiation specialists, radiopharmaceutical/radioisotope producers, nuclear research reactor institutions, research organizations and the JRC. The steering committee established task groups focusing on eight key areas for development. Liaison with non-European organizations will be encouraged.
Abstract
The field Nuclear Medicine has expanded rapidly over the last two decades. Individuals with training in radiochemistry are needed in industry, medical centers and hospitals. Although basic training in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry or pharmacy are required, radiochemistry knowledge is essential for all of these individuals. Opportunities and training requirements in these areas will be discussed.
A szerzők az emlőrák korszerű diagnosztikáján belül a nukleárismedicina-technikák szerepét tárgyalják, beszámolnak a Magyarországon jelenleg alkalmazott módszerekről és a jövőbeni lehetőségekről. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 14–21.
Abstract
129I content of batches of Na131I vials, used for nuclear medicine procedures, was estimated by neutron activation analysis. The average value of the129I/131I activity ratio /corresponding to zero decay time of the latter/ was /4.98±2.8/x10–9. It is concluded that the contribution of129I from medical applications of131I in India is insignificant in relation to that from nuclear fuel cycle activities.
Abstract
Molybdenum-99 is produced in large quantities as the parent radioisotopes of99mTc, which has been used recently in nuclear medicine. The neutron capture reaction on molybdenum and the nuclear fission of uranium are used for the large scale production of99Mo. The products by these methods are used properly according to the objects of diagnosis. In this paper, the production of99Mo is reviewed and the development of the production in JAERI is outlined.
Application of radioisotopes in the field of nuclear medicine
I. Lanthanide series elements
Abstract
A comprehensive review has been made to discuss the role of various radionuclides of lanthanide series elements in the field of nuclear medicine. The role of several pharmaceuticals labeled with radiolanthanides and used for investigative purposes like measurement of cerebral blood flow, bone density measurement, bone marrow imaging, etc., have been described. The role of lanthanide radionuclides in radiation synovectomy, radioimmunotherapy, etc., have also been discussed. Methods of preparation of some representative radiopharmaceuticals like153Sm-EDTMP,153Sm-HYP, have been presented. An outline on the production of carrier free radioisotopes of lanthanide series elements has been given.
Abstract
Proficiency tests established by ISO/IEC-43 were applied to assess the performance of 69 Brazilian nuclear medicine services in the radiopharmaceuticals activity measurements of 131I, 99Tcm, 67Ga and 201Tl. The 214 datasets originated from comparison programs promoted by the Laboratório Nacional de Metrologia das Radiações Ionizantes (LNMRI) in 2006/2007 were also evaluated against acceptance criteria of ±10% limits for accuracy required by Brazilian regulatory authority. The results of performance evaluation were assigned as “Acceptable” or “Not-acceptable” accordingly and have shown a large dispersion when the statistical criteria assays were applied and also compared with regulatory requirements.
Abstract
A solvent extraction system has been developed for the separation of172Lu from its long-lived172Hf parent. The parent-daughter pair in equilibrium is maintained in a solution of HDEHP, and the heavy lanthanide daughter is extracted into 9M HCl. The separation factor for this generator is approximately 104. The rare-earth activity so obtained is proposed for compound labelling research and animal biodistribution studies in nuclear medicine.
Abstract
Taken into account the extremely high radiotoxicity of DNA-bound Auger emitters the values of absorbed and equivalent dose for various radionuclides commonly used in nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures were reevaluated. The results show that the equivalent dose is highly depend on the fraction of activity bound to the DNA, illustrating the importance of subcellular distribution of Auger electron emitters in assessing the equivalent dose.
Abstract
The radionuclide 131I has been increasingly used in nuclear medicine therapy procedures. Nowadays, the 131I source administered to the patient is manufactured in two different geometries: solution and capsules. The purpose of this study is the accurate measurement of the activity present in a 131I capsule without destroys it. The methodology to determine the capsules activity is to obtain the calibration factor of an IG12 secondary standard activity measurement system based on the IG12 well-type ionization chamber set up at Brazilian national metrology laboratory for ionizing radiation (LNMRI) of institute of radiation protection and dosimetry (IRD).The result obtained, 6.4670 ± 0.0381 × 10−18 A Bq−1, is quite similar to the calibration factor of the 131I solution contained in the standard ampoule geometry, 6.4515 ± 0.0368 × 10−18 A Bq−1. After obtaining the calibration factor it was used to measure 131I therapy capsules in order to check the performance of radionuclide calibrators of some Brazilian nuclear medicine centers.
