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problems in the study of these types of reactions concern the mechanism of catalyst function, kinetics, and characterization of the products. As far as the mechanism of photocatalysis is concerned, it is well known that the irradiation of catalyst
development of a method for simulating metabolism with the use of photocatalysis. Irradiation of a drug substance solution in the presence of photocatalyst molecules (TiO 2 ) with a specific wavelength causes the oxidation in a manner similar to the processes
holes can recombine, or they can migrate to the surface. In this excited state, titanium dioxide acts as catalyst for many reactions, and in aqueous solutions, reactive radicals are formed (6–10). Figure 6. Mechanism of photocatalysis. Band gap (a
Decontamination and disinfection of water by solar photocatalysis, recent overview and trends . Catal Today 49 : 1 – 14 . 12. Ohtani , B 2008 Preparing articles on
scheme of the photocatalytic reactor setup is shown in Fig. 1 . The reactor was constructed as an improvement of a previous plexiglass reactor [ 14 ], which could only operate with UV light and at room temperature—the main advantage of photocatalysis
Temperature programmed desorption analysis of sol-gel-derived titania films
Design of a sol preparation procedure
Abstract
Sol-gel-derived titania films were analyzed by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The relationship between the TPD curves measured for two types of titania gel films and their crystal structures was investigated. On the basis of the analyses, a preparation process for a titania sol solution containing anatase nanocrystals was designed and developed. Using this process, a colloidal anatase titania sol solution was prepared by heating aqueous titanium hydroxide containing HCl at 60�C for 2 h. The nanocrystal structure of the titania films obtained by coating the sol on glass substrates was confirmed by TPD and XRD measurements.
We present prototyping of meso- and microfluidic photocatalytic devices, functionalized through incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and comparison of their efficiencies for the degradation of rhodamine B (10−5 mol/L). The prototyping of the photocatalytic devices involves simple and low-cost procedures, which includes microchannels fabrication on PDMS, deposition and impregnation of TiO2 on PDMS, and, finally, plugging on the individual parts. For the microfluidic device with 13 μL internal volume, photocatalytic TiO2–PDMS composite was sealed by another PDMS component activated by O2 plasma (PDMS–TiO2–PDMS). For the mesofluidic device, a homemade polyetheretherketone (PEEK) flow cell with 800 μL internal volume was screwed on a steel support with a glass slide and the photocatalytic composite. The photocatalytic activities of the devices were evaluated using two different pumping flow systems: a peristaltic pump and a syringe pump, both at 0.05 mL/min under the action of 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) light. The characterization of TiO2–PDMS composite was performed by confocal Raman microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic microreactor was the most efficient, showing high organic dye photodegradation (88.4% at 12.5 mW/cm2).
We present a rapid approach for forming monodisperse silica microcapsules decorated with metal oxide nanoparticles; the silica–metal oxide composites have a hierarchical architecture and a range of compositions. The details of the method were defined using titania precursors. Silica capsules containing low concentrations of titania (<1 wt. %) were produced via an interfacial reaction using a simple mesofluidic T-junction droplet generator. Increasing the titania content of the capsules was achieved using two related, flow-based postsynthetic approaches. In the first approach, a precursor solution containing titanium alkoxides was flowed through a packed-bed of capsules. The second approach provided the highest concentration of titania (3.5 wt. %) and was achieved by evaporating titanium precursor solutions onto a capsule packed-bed using air flow to accelerate evaporation. Decorated capsules, regardless of the method, were annealed to improve the titania crystallinity and analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The photocatalytic properties were then compared to a commercial nanoparticulate titania, which the microcapsule-supported titania outperformed in terms of rate of degradation of an organic dye and recyclability. Finally, the generality of the flow-based surface decoration procedures was demonstrated by synthesizing several composite transition metal oxide–silica microparticle materials.
Abstract
A solvothermal continuous-flow method for the scalable and shape tunable synthesis of rod-like/spherical TiO2 nanocrystals (NCs) has been developed. The as-prepared colloidal NCs show photocatalytic activity in an addition–cyclization cascade under continuous-flow conditions.
Introduction Photocatalysis of the degradation of organic pollutants in water or air streams by using light absorbing semiconductors such as TiO 2 has been widely investigated [ 1 – 3 ] due to not only its scientific interest
