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such as abortion, metritis, mastitis, stillbirth, and weak calves at birth in domestic ruminants, and it may also cause infertility in sheep and goats ( Marrie, 2007 ; Muskens et al., 2011 ; Agerholm, 2013 ). In Europe, Q fever is a well-known cause
) The effect of atropine on pancreatic responses to intravenous CCK-8 and intraduodenal soybean extract in sheep. Japan J. Zootech. Sci. 57 , 1022–1028. Ushijima J. The effect of
treat inflammatory conditions caused by bacterial infections in sheep. However, our literature review revealed no study on the effects of flunixin meglumine and tolfenamic acid on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin. Therefore, the present study aimed
hypoplasia in cattle, sheep and goats ( Coverdale et al., 1978 ; Brenner et al., 2004 ). It is transmitted by haematophagous arthropod vectors, such as Culicoides biting midges and mosquitoes, and is widely distributed in the temperate-to-tropical regions
and Mallavia, 2000 ). The agent has a broad reservoir range including many domestic and wild mammals, but the main reservoirs are cattle, sheep and goats ( Maurin and Rault, 1999 ). Many seroepidemiological studies have been conducted in these three
Introduction With the introduction of imaging techniques in food animal practice, it has now become possible to diagnose several abdominal focal lesions including cysts ( Hussein and Elrashidy, 2014 ). Abdominal cysts in sheep are mainly of
The first results of the Hungarian sheep prion protein (PrP) genotyping programme are discussed in this paper. To obtain initial genotype frequency data 10 commercial (Hungarian Merino, German Mutton Merino, Merino Landschaf, German Blackheaded, Suffolk, Texel, Ile de France, Charollais, Lacaune, British Milksheep) and 4 indigenous (Gyimes Racka, Hortobágy Racka, Tsigaja, Cikta) breeds were sampled in 2003 and 2004, and the PrP genotypes were determined by microsequencing analysis with capillary electrophoresis. In all commercial breeds, a higher number of sheep were genotyped in 2005 (3648) and in 2006 (3834) within the breeding programme to increase scrapie resistance, and the estimated frequency data were compared to the initial figures to evaluate the efficiency of selection. The new developments arising from the identification of the so-called ‘atypical’ scrapie cases are also discussed.
regarding activity and structure. Others are synthesized in the mammary gland, such as epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, prolactin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone [ 7 ]. Sheep and goat milk contain particularly high-quality proteins and
A study was conducted to obtain data on the effects of a fungal fibrolytic enzyme preparation (Rumino-zyme, with 250 FXU/g xylanase activities) from Thermomyces lanuginosus on some rumen fermentation parameters in sheep. Ruminal fluid samples were taken just before the morning feeding and then 2 h and 4 h after feeding. Xylanase activity, pH, concentration of ammonia and volatile fatty acids were measured. The enzyme supplementation did not affect the pH but increased the xylanase activity and the total VFA concentration of the rumen fluid. The molar proportion of acetate increased, propionate was not affected and butyrate decreased after enzyme administration. The concentration of ammonia also decreased after supplementation with the enzyme product. It can be concluded that the xylanase enzyme preparation from T. lanuginosus induced favourable changes in the major rumen fermentation parameters in sheep.
Amniotic fluid collected from ewes on various days of gestation was examined for the presence of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins. IGF-binding proteins with a molecular mass of 40–45 kDa appeared at day 41 of gestation. The level of these major IGF-binding proteins increased during pregnancy and reached a maximum at day 106. Smaller IGF-binding molecules with an approximate molecular mass of 35 kDa and 25 kDa appeared at day 90, also reaching a concentration peak at day 106. The mitogenic activity of sheep amniotic fluid after chromatography on Sephadex G-50 was separated into two peaks. The peak having lower molecular mass corresponded to an elution profile of 125I-IGF-I. The first peak, having higher molecular mass, was eluted immediately after the void volume of column. Electrophoresis and ligand blotting showed that proteins in the first peak had similar properties as IGF-binding proteins.
