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Abstract
The chemical corrosion and the mechanical strength were studied in cement mortars containing an additive of FBCC under conditions of long-term action of sodium sulphate solution or saturated brine. The observations have shown that saturated brine is a more aggressive agent, since it leaches Ca(OH)2 and contributes to the decomposition of the C-S-H phase thus worsening the compressive strength as compared with that of mortars kept in water. The addition of 20% FBCC inhibits the leaching process and counteracts the decrease of compressive strength in mortars kept in brine. On the other hand, sodium sulphate solution changes favourably the mortar microstructure, increases of the content of small pores and improves both the compressive and the flexural strengths, as compared with those of a mortar kept in water.
Abstract
Fluidized catalytic cracking units of refineries normally use zeolite catalysts to treat heavy oil fractions. This catalyst is regenerated continuously, but due to the reduction of its activity during the process, it is partially substituted by a new catalyst make-up. The spent residue has a high content of silicon and aluminum oxides and usually presents pozzolanic properties. This paper presents the study of a Brazilian spent catalyst, which is being tested as a pozzolanic aggregate in partial substitution to cement. Pastes were prepared with 15, 20 and 25% in substitution to cement mass and analyzed after 28 days of hydration. Hydrated paste samples were analyzed by simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis, to quantify the calcium hydroxide consumption, as well as the content of other main hydrated cement phases. Compressive strength analysis was also performed after 28 days of hydration. Although, as spent catalyst content is increased, the pozzolanic activity is confirmed by the increase of calcium hydroxide consumption on cement mass basis, unlikely to other studied spent FCC catalysts, tested for the same purpose, the compressive strength of respective paste specimens decreases, due to the increase of other hydrated phases formation.
Abstract
The aim of this work is to compare the influence of addition of waste aluminosilicate catalyst on the initial periods of hydration of different cements, i.e. calcium aluminate cements of different composition and Portland cement, basing on the calorimetric studies. Cement pastes containing up to 25 mass% of additive were studied, where the water/(cement+additive) ratio was 0.5. An attempt was undertaken to explain the mechanism of action of introduced aluminosilicate in the system of hydrating cement, particularly in the case of calcium aluminate cement pastes. It was found that the presence of fine-grained additive caused in all studied cases the increase of the amount of released heat in the first period after the addition of water. In the case of aluminate cements with aluminosilicate addition, a significant reduction of induction time and faster precipitation of hydration products were observed compared to the reference sample (without additive). In the experimental conditions, the additive caused the acceleration of aluminate cements hydration, and the mechanism of its action is probably complex and can encompass: nucleative action of small grains and formation of new chemical compounds.
instead of hydrogarnet. It can be formed in the CaO–Al 2 O 3 –CaSO 4 –H 2 O system for example in the case when fly ash and calcium sulphate were added to CAC [ 17 ]. Spent catalyst from the fluidized catalytic cracking installation (named here as
pH [ 2 , 8 – 10 ]. Spent catalyst from the fluidized catalytic cracking installation (named here as FBCC) is a fine-grained aluminosilicate material, porous and of well-developed specific surface, exhibits zeolite-type structure and
Abstract
The influence of spent catalyst from catalytic cracking in fluidized bed on the hydration process of cement and the properties of cement mortars were studied. The spent catalyst was used as an additive to cement in the mortars (10 and 20% of cement). The samples of mortars kept in water for28 days, then they were placed in sulfate and chloride media for 2 months (the control samples were kept in water for 3 months). After this time they were subjected to bending strength and compressive strength determinations. Thermogravimetric and infrared absorption studies were performed and capillary elevation, capability of binding heavy metals, and changes in mass and apparent density were determined too. The studies disclosed the pozzolana nature of spent catalyst and its influence on cement mortars being in contact with corrosive media.
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of spent fluidized bed cracking catalyst and its influence on hydration process of cement slurry were studied. The samples were cement slurries prepared with water/solid=0.5 and additions of used catalyst amounted to 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%with resp. to the solid. After definite time they were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis (TG, DTG, DTA) and, in order to determine the progress of reaction with water, the heat of hydration was measured by means of isotherm calorimetry. The studies disclosed that the spent cracking catalyst is not merely an inactive filler in cement slurries, but it modifies the course of the hydration process. The spent catalyst is a pozzolana additive and its presence leads to a decrease of calcium hydroxide contents in the system. The spent catalyst affect on the heat of cement hydration. Small amounts additive accelerate the process of binding.
Antiochos S. K., Chouliara E., Tsimas S. Re-use of spent catalyst from oil-cracking refineries as supplementary cementing material, China Particuology , Vol. 4, No. 2, 2006, pp. 73–76. Tsimas S
-8846(00)00401-4 . 3. Su , N , Chen , Z , Fang , H . Reuse of spent catalyst as fine aggregate in cement mortar . Cem Concr Compos . 2001 ; 23 : 111 – 118 . 10.1016/S0958-9465(00)00074-3 . 4
Instruments) by heating 100 mg of spent catalyst from the room temperature to 1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C/min in an air stream (100 mL/min). The TPO profiles of the spent catalysts were performed ex-situ in a tubular quartz reactor with flowing 5% O 2 in
