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. , Basu , S. , Sengupta , D. N. ( 2011 ) Amelioration of salinity stress by exogenously applied spermidine or spermine in three varieties of indica rice differing in their level of salt tolerance . J. Plant Physiol. 168 , 317 – 328
Introduction Spermidine alkaloids are polyamine heterocycles, biosynthetically derived from L-Orn or L-Arg via putrescine. The interests in the isolation and synthesis of these alkaloids result from the structural complexity and therapeutical
. Mattoo , A.K. , Sobolev , A.P. , Neelam , A. , Goyal , R.K. , Handa , A.K. , Segre , A.L. 2006 . Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolite profiling of transgenic tomato fruit engineered to accumulate spermidine and
cell growth and development, cell differentiation and proliferation, and regulation of transcription and translation [ 13 ]. Spermidine/Spermin N1-acetyl transferase (SSAT) is an important enzyme in polyamine metabolism [ 14 ] which transfers the acetyl
Introduction
Drought is a major environmental factor that limits crops productivity. To cope with the adverse effects of drought, plants have evolved various adaptive mechanisms, such as accumulation of osmolytes. Polyamines (PAs) play an important role in the plant growth and development and response to abiotic stresses. This experiment was conducted to investigate the role of exogenous PAs on drought tolerance of mung bean.
Methods
Mung bean seeds were soaked in 0 or 100 µM putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), or their mixture for 10 hr. Then, treated seeds were sown in the field and were exposed to drought stress condition.
Results
The growth attributes including shoot length, biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and grain yield markedly reduced due to drought stress. Drought stress also decreased soluble protein content, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll value, stomatal conductance (g s), and net photosynthetic rate (P N) but increased malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble sugars (TSS), and proline contents. Nonetheless, seed priming with the mixture of PAs alleviated adverse effects of drought stress and improved all growth attributes. Exogenous application of PAs also increased soluble protein content, RWC, chlorophyll value, P N, and more increased TSS and proline contents but decreased g s and MDA level.
Discussion
These results indicated that seed treatment with PAs especially combined treatment of Put + Spd + Spm could enhance drought tolerance of mung bean plants through the accumulation of osmoprotectants, improving water status, chlorophyll value, and P N as well as reduction of oxidative damage.
4484 de Agazio, M., Federico, R., Angelini, R., De Cesare, F., Grego, S. (1992) Spermidine pretreatment or root tip removal in maize seedlings: effect on K + uptake and tissue
3,4-[ 14 C-methionine] into spermidine in aged orange peel discs. Plant Physiol. 69: 385–388. Goren R. Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by aminoethoxyvinylglycine and by
-PI APCI MS/MS method has been developed for the determination of seven biogenic amines (cadaverine, histamine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine, tryptamine, and tyramine) in cheese ( Gianotti et al., 2008 ), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography
., Kang, Y. (2008) Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in salinity-stressed Cucumis sativus roots and enhances short-term salinity tolerance. J. Plant Physiology 165, 1620–1635. Kang Y
. Duan , J.J. , Li , J. , Guo , S. , Kang , Y. 2008 . Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in salinitystressed Cucumis sativus roots and enhances short-term salinity . J. Plant Physiol. 165 : 1620 – 1635
