Search Results
Two field experiments were carried out to investigate the role of seed soaking with spermine (Spm, 10 mg/l) and the foliar application of mineral nutrients (K and Zn), alone or in combination, in improving the tolerance of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) to calcareous and salinity stress conditions. Both the individual treatments and the interaction increased the stem diameter, shoot fresh and dry weights, yield, yield components and oil yield, as well as the concentrations of K, Ca, P and Zn and the K/Na ratio, whereas they decreased the Na concentration in the two growing seasons. The best results were obtained with the K+Zn+Spm treatment in both seasons.It could be concluded that seed soaking with Spm and the foliar application of K and Zn might alleviate the harmful effects of calcareous and salinity stress and enhance the ability of sunflower plants to tolerate these adverse conditions.
spermine reveals enhanced anabolic and nitrogen-carbon interactions . Plant Physiol. 142 : 1759 – 1770 . McKenzie , H.A. , Wallace , H.S. 1954 . The Kjeldahl determination
group to the aminopropyl groups of spermidine and spermine [ 15 ]. Zoli et al. [ 16 ] determined that increased SSAT expression may contribute to the increases in putrescine and decreases in spermidine levels after ischemia. SSAT is an important mediator
Introduction
Drought is a major environmental factor that limits crops productivity. To cope with the adverse effects of drought, plants have evolved various adaptive mechanisms, such as accumulation of osmolytes. Polyamines (PAs) play an important role in the plant growth and development and response to abiotic stresses. This experiment was conducted to investigate the role of exogenous PAs on drought tolerance of mung bean.
Methods
Mung bean seeds were soaked in 0 or 100 µM putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), or their mixture for 10 hr. Then, treated seeds were sown in the field and were exposed to drought stress condition.
Results
The growth attributes including shoot length, biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and grain yield markedly reduced due to drought stress. Drought stress also decreased soluble protein content, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll value, stomatal conductance (g s), and net photosynthetic rate (P N) but increased malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble sugars (TSS), and proline contents. Nonetheless, seed priming with the mixture of PAs alleviated adverse effects of drought stress and improved all growth attributes. Exogenous application of PAs also increased soluble protein content, RWC, chlorophyll value, P N, and more increased TSS and proline contents but decreased g s and MDA level.
Discussion
These results indicated that seed treatment with PAs especially combined treatment of Put + Spd + Spm could enhance drought tolerance of mung bean plants through the accumulation of osmoprotectants, improving water status, chlorophyll value, and P N as well as reduction of oxidative damage.
235 269 Feuerstein, B. G., Pattabiraman, N., Marton, L. C. (1989) Molecular dynamics of spermine-DNA interactions: sequence specifity and DNA bending for a simple ligand
Ha, H. C., Sirisoma, N. S., Kuppusamy, P., Zweiler, J. L., Woster, P. M., Casero, R. A. Jr. (1998): The natural polyamine spermine functions directly as a free scavenger. PNAS , 95 , 11140–11145. Casero R. A
-PI APCI MS/MS method has been developed for the determination of seven biogenic amines (cadaverine, histamine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine, tryptamine, and tyramine) in cheese ( Gianotti et al., 2008 ), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography
, spermine, putrescine, and cadaverine, are important in the regulation of nucleic acid function and protein synthesis and in the stabilisation of membranes ( Kalac and Krausová , 2005 ). Biogenic amines (BA) mainly form as a result of microbial
/kg. Tryptamine (TRY), phenylethylamine (PHE), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), tyramine (TYR), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM) are the eight biogenic amines commonly existed in foods. In order to detect the content of biogenic amines in
1620 1635 Durmus N., Kadioğlu, A. (2005) Spermine and putrescine enhance oxidative stress tolerance in maize leaves. Acta Physi. Plant. 27, 515
