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Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is a very versatile oxidizing agent, and it is also environmentally compatible considering that the products of its exothermic decomposition are oxygen and water.When kept in a clean temperature-controlled environment, the self-reaction (decomposition) rate is extremely low. However, it is well known that even a small amount of contamination will dramatically increase the reaction rate. This paper describes the use of the fast thermal activity interpreter (FTAI) instrument to examine the chemical reactivity of commercially available 50% hydrogen peroxide at two different temperatures (30 and 40C) both with and without contamination. The results show that at 30C a small amount of rust (330 ppm) increases the reaction rate of 50% hydrogen peroxide by a factor of 50. When the temperature is increased to 40C, the reaction rate is further increased by almost a factor of four. The implication for reactivity management is that at this contamination level most practical vessel sizes would require emergency venting capability. An evaluation was then performed to determine the emergency venting requirement for the safe transportation or storage of the contaminated hydrogen peroxide. It was determined that for quantities of the material less than 5 gallons, conventional breather vents would be sufficient to accommodate the gas evolved. However, for larger quantities, a safety relief device would be needed. For example, for a 400-gallon tote bin at 40C the required minimum vent area is estimated to be 4.3 in2, corresponding to a minimum vent diameter of 2.3 inches.
, Transportation Research , Part A Vol. 44 , 2010 , pp. 473 – 494 . [2] IEE, Intelligent Energy Europe Programme , 200 9, http
.C. & Brock , T.C. 2000 . The Role of Transportation in the Persuasiveness of Public Narratives . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol. 79 . No. 5 . 701 – 721
. , Grant-Muller S. M. A macroscopic forecasting framework for estimating socioeconomic and environmental performance of intelligent transport highways , IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , Vol. 15 , No. 2 , 2014 , pp
Abstract
The transport of hydrochloric acid across a supported liquid membrane using Aliquat 336 in xylene as a carrier was studied. The effect of carrier concentration (0.1–0.6M) on the transportation of hydrochloric acid with and without phase modifier was investigated. The study indicated that the flux of transportation decreased with increasing carrier concentration in the absence of phase modifier. In the presence of phase modifier, however, the flux increased up to 0.2M carrier concentration and started decreasing afterwards. The transportation behavior of hydrochloric acid with and without phase modifier has been attributed to the tendency of aggregation of the carrier.
Abstract
A rapid vertical transportation system for irradiation with thermal and fast neutrons is devised and partly constructed for inserting samples into the central thimble of our TRIGA MARK II reactor. Fast neutrons will be produced by a6LiD-converter, so that the energy distribution of neutrons is hardened by absorption of thermal and by the production of 14 MeV neutrons. In pulse irradiation, the 14 MeV-neutron flux is expected to be in the order of 1012/s. The transportation time is to be below 30ms to enable determination of short-lived nuclides down to 15ms. Helium will be used as propelling gas.
Abstract
The sensitivity of short-lived indicator isotopes in neutron activation analysis depends on the rapidity with which the sample is moved out of the irradiation position. The precision and accuracy of the analytical result, however, are determined by the random and systematic errors in the duration of the irradiation and decay prior to the measurement. Transportation systems differ considerably with respect to the influence of factors such as pressure, temperature, sample weight, and interaction between irradiation and decay times. The Mach 1 transportation system for the Danish Reactor DR 3 has been investigated experimentally, and a determination of its performance characteristics makes it possible to estimate thea priori precision of analytical methods based on indicators with half-lives down to 20–25 ms.
Abstract
The new control system of pneumatic transportation apparatuses for neutron irradiation in Kyoto University Reactor (KUR) has been developed based on the TCP/IP network for the purpose of integrated management of the apparatus. The control system is comprised of PLCs, control PCs, database and web servers. Archiving logs of detailed information about irradiation enables the secure operation and management of the irradiation system. The information stored in the server can be referred by remote PCs and mobile phones through the internet. Combining the present facility with measurement and radiation management systems it can realize advanced INAA methods and secure managements of radioisotopes.
Vital functions and stress hormone levels during simulated emergency helicopter transport in healthy volunteers. Twenty-three volunteers were subjected to a simulated 15 minute rescue helicopter transport. We determined vital functions, ACTH, cortisol and prolactin during the flight and filled in a standardized questionnaire before and after the flight. Data were analysed descriptively, by means of cross tabulation, Spearman rank correlation and cross-correlation technique. During take-off we recorded a significant increase of vital parameters such as heart rate. Prolactin concentration rose slightly after the start. Maximum cortisol and ACTH levels were found before take-off and then they decreased gradually. As expected, ACTH and cortisol cross-correlated significantly without any relevant time lag. Test items showed a feeling of fear and concern before take off. After the flight the volunteers reported havivg less stress than expected. Particularly, diastolic blood pressure and prolactin levels were markedly associated with questionnaire items such as behaviour of the staff or nausea. Heart rate significantly correlated with anxiety scores. Helicopter transportation induced a marked stress reaction in healthy volunteers, which speaks in favour of sooth transports in modern helicopters and adequate behaviour towards the patient of the staff.
Az önvezető autózás kihívásai és biztonsági kérdései a digitális államban
Challenges and safety, security questions of autonomous vehicles in the digital state
, Transportation Engineering, Hungary 2016 44 4 244 250 Wang Mowei
