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Arts and Humanities journals’ primary focus is on presenting theoretical and empirical research in these respective fields. The main goal is to encourage educational research and connect academia to the scientific community. Researchers and scholars need to share their research findings with others to help better understand and act on the ongoing social changes in the field. The Arts and Humanities journals aim to provide a platform for everyone who shares a common interest in these fields and to group all the latest field findings in one place.
Arts and Humanities
Abstract
Scholarly interests in metaphor translation are predominantly drawn to ‘translatability’ with a focus on cultural universals/specificities, overlooking the underlying ideology in metaphor ‘transfer’ from source texts to target texts. Benefiting from a methodological weld of the cognitive approach to metaphor and critical discourse analysis (CDA), this study examines the underlying ideology in metaphor re-encoding by Chinese conference interpreters at the Summer Davos Forum in China. The analysis demonstrates that the interpreters deploy different metaphor translation strategies to (a) preserve/accentuate positive values and (b) reduce/conceal negative values in metaphor re-encoding for China-related discourses, thus introducing ideological shifts in the TTs. The results suggest that ideology cannot only condition metaphor transfer but override linguistic or cultural factors in metaphor translation/interpreting regarding ideologically charged discourse. The article concludes by highlighting the value of the methodological integration of the cognitive approach to metaphor and CDA for a critical examination of metaphor transfer in translation/interpreting studies.
Abstract
This inquiry focuses on the testimony of Abraham Mesapsa, Archbishop of Ohrid, concerning the authenticity of the remains of Saint John the Almsgiver from 1629. The document, preserved in the Slovak National Archive, was already annotated in the 19th century. This study incorporates commentary on the hitherto unanalysed text. A detailed examination has shown that the spiritus rector of the document was apparently the Esztergom Archbishop and Cardinal Péter Pázmány, who had meticulously prepared the erection of a new mausoleum for the relics of Saint John the Almsgiver. Pázmány took advantage of the services of the greatly impoverished Archbishop of Ohrid, who was at that time in Vienna seeking financial support for his almost ruined archbishopric. Abraham, who often abused the trust of European rulers as well as the Russian Tsar, evidently confirmed the authenticity of the relics of Saint John the Almsgiver in exchange for financial help. His not particularly trustworthy document was then presented to the highest authorities of the Habsburg monarchy during the centenary festivities in Pressburg as an important testimony.
Abstract
The paper discusses the issue of Byzantine presence in the territory of the prefecture of Illyricum in the Balkan interior after the Slavic-Avar invasion in the early seventh century. It is argued that the Slavic settlement of the Balkan Peninsula was not as thorough as usually assumed, but that there were in the Balkan interior, amidst its general depopulation, sporadic remains of the provincial Roman population of urban culture during the seventh to ninth centuries with certain degree of Byzantine political authority until the Bulgarian conquest in the early ninth century.
Abstract
Greek pioneers of medical history in the 19th and 20th centuries. The extensive and detailed bibliography dedicated to medical history by Demetrios Ap. Karamperopoulos (Athens 2009) provides an excellent overview of the development of the history of medicine in Greece from 1750 to the present day. Well-known scholars whose research shaped the beginnings of Byzantine studies are represented as pioneers of deep-rooted research in the history of medicine as well as remarkable Greek physicians who not only proved to be authorities of the medical discipline, but likewise were profound historians and philologists. Of particular interest are the manifold and individually distinguished motives of all the eminent scholars, which led them to occupy themselves intensively with ancient, late antique and Byzantine – or generally medieval – primary sources and, moreover, led them to scrutinize the rich and in their time almost completely unexplored manuscript tradition related, to evaluate it in detail and to make it accessible to the scholarly communities of their epochs. Furthermore, noteworthy are the diverse and quite significant thematic emphases, which in turn strikingly reflect contemporary nosological and scholarly focuses. The universe of scholarship unfolded and, at the same time, the scholars' ambition, transcultural networking and pioneering spirit opens up to today's reception a striking reflection of the Byzantine multicultural society, but also of a genuine Byzantine scholarship that includes not only professional doctors but also highly respected amateur physicians (philiatroi). This paper aims to offer a few first insights into this scholarly universe of medical history, which represents the roots of today's success story of the whole discipline of medicine in all its facets, by means of an exemplary selection of some Greek scholars and their pioneering and valuable publications in the field of medical history.
Les Grecs dans la Chronique de Saba Malaspina sur les règnes de Manfred et de Charles Ier d’Anjou (1254/58–1285)
Stratégies rhétoriques et problèmes d’interprétation
Abstract
The Greeks are not a central theme in Saba Malaspina’s Latin chronicle, covering the reigns of Manfred and Charles I of Anjou. A detailed analysis of the context in which the Greeks and Greece are mentioned in this chronicle, with its extremely meticulous rhetorical construction, nevertheless reveals the extent to which Saba Malaspina’s discourse contains both a series of clichés and a more refined perception of the relationship between the Greeks and the Kingdom of Sicily, as regards both the Greek populations of the Mezzogiorno and the clashes between the Byzantine emperor and the Angevin king. Saba Malaspina’s position as a bishop with close ties to both Rome and Calabria may have helped him to develop a more refined image of the Greek than that of a number of Latin writers of his time.
Abstract
Between the end of the 13th century and the early decades of the following century, the manuscript now marked Vat. Pal. gr. 367 was compiled in Cyprus. On folios 33v–39v, it includes the text known today as the Cypriot Passion Cycle. The article focuses primarily on the episode of the Crucifixion (Περὶ τῆς σταυρώσεως), where the text presents some interpretative issues, including a blank space precisely where the Virgin Mary should utter her lament. How should this gap be interpreted? Beyond the nature of the threnos that should have been inserted (impossible to determine precisely), attention here is shifted to the fact that the need to insert a lament at this point could only have come from Western models.
Abstract
The paper discusses the origin and use of the division into the “seven ages of man” in Serbian medieval hagiographies, with reference to data from diplomatic sources. Our intention is to examine the reliability of such a division and the time of its appearance in medieval Serbia, and to point out that the appearance of this concept in Serbian medieval hagiographies is a direct reception of ancient models.
Abstract
The letters from the German Byzantinologist Franz Dölger (editor-in-chief of Byzantinische Zeitschrift), informative documents on the history of the period and of contemporary science, occupy a special place in the legacy of Gyula Moravcsik kept in the Manuscript Archives of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. They give a shocking picture of the losses suffered during World War II, but also of the chaos following its conclusion. There are also many references to the post-war fate of individuals in the emerging status quo. We can gain insights into the private lives of the two families, but thanks to the close friendship between them, we can also glean valuable information about the development of both Hungarian and international scholarship in the field of Byzantine Studies.
Hermeneuma hieroglyphicorum
Zu einem Skizzenblatt von Giovanni Antonio Dosio
Abstract
The present paper attempts to reveal the sources of a drawing by Giovanni Antonio Dosio (1533–1611) showing an obelisk inscribed with pseudo-hieroglyphs in the context of the classical authorities Diodorus Siculus, Strabo, Tacitus and Pliny the Elder. Dosio's artistic engagement with hieroglyphic studies is a characteristic feature of the humanistic scholarly community of his time. The inscription on the obelisk designed by Dosio proves to be an attempt to formulate the humanae vitae conditio in cryptographic manner by means of pseudo-hieroglyphs, i.e. with symbolic reference to the mysterious wisdom of ancient Egypt.
« Si saip moult bien au jeu d’eschet jueir » (Huon de Bordeaux, 7721)
Un jeu oriental en Occident médiéval
Abstract
In the Middle Ages, Western society was fascinated by chess and at the same time, convicted it. All over Europe, archaeological excavations have uncovered both luxurious and very simple pieces. In many churches, mosaics or stained-glass windows depict figures playing this pagan game. Medieval literature is also a source for studying the history of chess and its establishment in the feudal society. This study aims to present the lexical, literary and cultural integration of this Oriental game in French medieval society, by studying a corpus of medieval narratives (30 romances and chansons de geste), examining the terms used in the texts, questioning the courtliness of the chess player and of his game, and analysing passages in which chess is not just a stylistic device but actually plays an important role in the narrative progression of the story.
