A Campbell és munkacsoportja (1996) által kidolgozott Énkép Egyértelműség Skála (Self-Concept Clarity Scale; SCCS) az énkép egyik strukturális jellemzőjének, önfogalmunk világosan és határozottan defi niált jellegének mérésére alkalmas eszköz.
A tanulmányban bemutatjuk a kérdőív magyar változatát, és értékeljük annak pszichometriai jellemzőit. Módszer: Önbeszámolón alapuló, kérdőíves, keresztmetszeti vizsgálatban 1205 fő (245 férfi , 960 nő; átlagéletkor 27,05 év, SD = 9,8 év) vett részt. Az SCCS mellett a Rosenberg Önbecsülés Skálát (RSES-H), a Szorongásérzékenység Indexet (ASI), a Bizonytalansággal Szembeni Intolerancia (IUS) és a Szkizotípia Személyiség Kérdőívet (SPQ-BH) vettük fel.
A feltáró faktoranalízis egy faktort jelez, amely a variancia 50,8%-át magyarázza. Ezen egydimenziós modell illeszkedése elfogadhatónak bizonyult (CFI = 0,939; TLI = 0,925; RMSEA = 0,079; CI90 = 0,072–0,085). A skála belső konzisztenciája jó (Cronbach-alfa: 0,88). A validitásra vonatkozó eredmények igazolták a nemzetközi adatokat: az önértékelés és az énkép egyértelműség egymással közepesen erősen, pozitívan kapcsolódó, ugyanakkor egymást nem helyettesíthető konstruktumok. Az énkép egyértelműsége közepesen erős mértékben, negatív módon asszociálódik a szorongáshoz kötődő szomatikus és kognitív tünetekkel (ASI), valamint a bizonytalan, kétértelmű helyzetekre/eseményekre vonatkozó negatív reagálási módokkal (IUS). A szorongáson alapuló személyiségvonások mellett igazoltuk az SCCS szkizotípiás érintettség mértékével (SPQ) való negatív kapcsolatát is. Következtetések: Az SCCS magyar verziója az énkép egyértelműségének, világosan artikulált jellegének megbízható és érvényes mérőmódszere, amely általános, pszichés sebezhetőséget, sérülékenységet jelző mérőeszközként támpontul szolgálhat pszichopatológiai tárgyú kutatások mellett a terápiás hatékonyság megítélésében.
The Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS) developed by Campbell et al. (1996) is suitable for measuring one structural feature of the self-concept, its clearly and fi rmly defi ned nature. Purpose: In this study we present the Hungarian version of the Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS-H) and evaluate its psychometric characteristics. Method: 1205 persons (245 men, 960 women; average age 27.05 years, SD = 9.8 years) participated in a cross-sectional, self-reporting questionnaire-based research. Besides SCCS, the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS) and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ-BH) were also administered. Results: The exploratory factor analysis revealed one factor, which explained 50.8% of the total variance. The fi t of our one-dimensional model was acceptable (CFI= 0.939; TLI=0.925; RMSEA=0.079; CI90=0.072-0.085). The reliability analysis indicated good internal consistency for the instrument (α=0.88). Construct-validity results are consistent with the literature: self-concept clarity moderately positively correlated with self-esteem, however they are not replaceable constructs. Self-concept clarity is moderately negatively associated with anxiety-based somatic and cognitive symptoms (ASI) and with negative responses to uncertain, ambiguous events/situations (IUS). In addition to anxiety-based personality traits we also verifi ed the negative correlation of SCCS with the degree of schizotypic involvement (SPQ). Conclusion: The Hungarian version of Self-Concept Clarity Scale can be considered a reliable and valid measurement tool for the clear and confi dent nature of self-concept. Being an indicator of general, psychological vulnerability, SCCS may serve both as a reference point for psychopathological research and as a screening tool for mental patients, furthermore for assessing psychotherapeutic effi cacy too.
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