Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Volume/Issue:
Volume 59: Issue 1
Abundance of IFN-α and IFN-γ gene transcripts and absence of IL-2 transcripts in the blood of chickens vaccinated with live or inactivated NDV
Authors: Mirta Balenović 1 , Vladimir Savić 1 , Anamaria Ekert Kabalin 2 , Luka Jurinović 1 , and William Ragland 3
View More View Less
  • 1 Croatian Veterinary Institute Poultry Centre Heinzelova 55 10000 Zagreb Croatia
  • 2 University of Zagreb Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagreb Croatia
  • 3 Zagreb Biotek d.o.o. Supetar Croatia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/avet.59.2011.1.13
Page Count:
141–148
Publication Date:
01 Mar 2011
Online Publication Date:
25 Feb 2011
Article Category:
Research Article
Restricted access

Purchase article

USD  $25.00

1 year subscription (Individual Only)

USD  $836.00
Purchase Online Subscription

  • Purchase article

    USD  $25.00

  • 1 year subscription (Individual Only)

    USD  $836.00

As immune responses to live and inactivated vaccines might differ, temporal responses of broiler chickens to vaccination were examined on the basis of the abundance in the circulating blood of gene transcripts of IFN-α, IFN-γ and IL-2, critical cytokines for immune responses. Blood samples were collected 6, 12 and 24 hours, and 7 and 14 days following vaccination with either live or inactivated Newcastle disease virus, La Sota strain, at 14 days of age, and the abundance of transcripts for each cytokine was assayed by real-time RT-PCR. Physiological saline and vaccine emulsion without viral antigen were administered to control groups for live and inactivated vaccine groups, respectively. The abundance of IFN-γ transcripts was elevated during the early times following vaccination and had reached baseline by the seventh day but the abundance of IFN-α transcripts remained elevated. Transcripts for neither IFN gene were detected in the control birds. The abundance of transcripts for each IFN was not different between the two vaccinated groups at any time. Transcripts for IL-2 were detected only in spleens from chicken embryos that had been inoculated with the live virus. The results show that cells stimulated to produce IFN-α and IFN-γ enter the circulating blood but those stimulated to produce IL-2 do not, or in very low number, and the IFN responses to both vaccines are the same.

  • Adams, S. C., Xing, Z., Li, J. and Cardona, C. J. (2009): Immune-related gene expression in response to H11N9 low pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in chicken and Pekin duck peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol. Immunol. 46, 1744–1749.

    Cardona C. J. , 'Immune-related gene expression in response to H11N9 low pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in chicken and Pekin duck peripheral blood mononuclear cells ' (2009 ) 46 Mol. Immunol. : 1744 -1749.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ahmed, K. A., Saxena, V. K., Ara, A., Singh, K. B., Sundaresan, N. R., Saxena, M. and Rasool, T. J. (2007): Immune response to Newcastle disease virus in chicken lines divergently selected for cutaneous hypersensitivity. Int. J. Immunogenet. 34, 445–455.

    Rasool T. J. , 'Immune response to Newcastle disease virus in chicken lines divergently selected for cutaneous hypersensitivity ' (2007 ) 34 Int. J. Immunogenet. : 445 -455.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Alexander, D. J. and Senne, D. A. (2008): Newcastle disease. In: Saif, Y. M., Fadly, A. M., Glisson, J. R., McDougald, L. R., Nolan, L. K. and Swayne, D. E. (eds) Diseases of Poultry. 12th edition. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford. pp. 75–100.

    Senne D. A. , '', in Diseases of Poultry , (2008 ) -.

  • Al-Garib, S. O., Gielkens, A. L. J., Gruys, E. and Koch, G. (2003): Review of Newcastle disease virus with particular references to immunity and vaccination. World’s Poultry Sci. J. 59, 185–200.

    Koch G. , 'Review of Newcastle disease virus with particular references to immunity and vaccination ' (2003 ) 59 World’s Poultry Sci. J. : 185 -200.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Bhagat, J., Ahmed, K. A., Tyagi, P., Saxena, M. and Saxena, V. K. (2008): Effects of supplemental chromium on interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA expression in response to Newcastle disease vaccine in broiler chicken. Res. Vet. Sci. 85, 46–51.

    Saxena V. K. , 'Effects of supplemental chromium on interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA expression in response to Newcastle disease vaccine in broiler chicken ' (2008 ) 85 Res. Vet. Sci. : 46 -51.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Degen, W. G. J., van Daal, N., Rothwell, L., Kaiser, P. and Schijns, E. J. C. (2005): Th1/Th2 polarization by viral and helminth infection in birds. Vet. Microbiol. 105, 163–167.

    Schijns E. J. C. , 'Th1/Th2 polarization by viral and helminth infection in birds ' (2005 ) 105 Vet. Microbiol. : 163 -167.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Démoulins, T., Baron, M-L., Kettaf, N., Abdallah, A., Shariff-Askari, E. and Sékaly, R-P. (2009): Poly (I:C) induced immune response in lymphoid tissues involves three sequential waves of type I IFN expression. Virology 386, 225–236.

    Sékaly R.-P. , 'Poly (I:C) induced immune response in lymphoid tissues involves three sequential waves of type I IFN expression ' (2009 ) 386 Virology : 225 -236.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Hangalapura, B. N., Kaiser, M. G., van der Poel, J. J., Parmentiera, H. K. and Lamont, S. J. (2006): Cold stress equally enhances in vivo pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in chicken lines divergently selected for antibody responses. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 30, 503–511.

    Lamont S. J. , 'Cold stress equally enhances in vivo pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in chicken lines divergently selected for antibody responses ' (2006 ) 30 Dev. Comp. Immunol. : 503 -511.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Heller, E. D., Levy, A. M., Vaiman, R. and Schwartsburd, B. (1997): Chicken embryo fibroblasts produce two types of interferon upon stimulation with Newcastle disease virus. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 57, 289–303.

    Schwartsburd B. , 'Chicken embryo fibroblasts produce two types of interferon upon stimulation with Newcastle disease virus ' (1997 ) 57 Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. : 289 -303.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Jenkins, K. A., Lowenthal, J. W., Kimpton, W. and Bean, G. D. (2008): The in vitro and in ovo responses of chickens to TLR9 subfamily ligands. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 33, 660–667.

    Bean G. D. , 'The in vitro and in ovo responses of chickens to TLR9 subfamily ligands ' (2008 ) 33 Dev. Comp. Immunol. : 660 -667.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kaiser, P., Poh, T. Y., Rothwell, L., Avery, S., Balu, S., Pathania, U. S., Hughes, S., Goodchild, M., Morrell, S., Watson, M., Bumstead, N., Kaufman, J. and Young, J. R. (2005): A genomic analysis of chicken cytokines and chemokines. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 25, 467–484.

    Young J. R. , 'A genomic analysis of chicken cytokines and chemokines ' (2005 ) 25 J. Interferon Cytokine Res. : 467 -484.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kaiser, P., Rothwell, L., Galyov, E., Barrow, P. A., Burnside, J. and Wigley, P. (2000): Differential cytokine expression in avian cells in response to invasion by Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella gallinarum. Microbiology 146, 3217–3226.

    Wigley P. , 'Differential cytokine expression in avian cells in response to invasion by Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella gallinarum ' (2000 ) 146 Microbiology : 3217 -3226.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Lotze, M. T., Frana, L. W., Sharrow, S. O., Robb, R. D. and Rosenberg, S. A. (1985): In vivo administration of purified human interleukin 2. J. Immunol. 134, 157–166.

    Rosenberg S. A. , 'In vivo administration of purified human interleukin 2 ' (1985 ) 134 J. Immunol. : 157 -166.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Munir, S., Sharma, J. M. and Kapur, V. (2005): Transcriptional response of avian cells to infection with Newcastle disease virus. Virus Res. 107, 103–108.

    Kapur V. , 'Transcriptional response of avian cells to infection with Newcastle disease virus ' (2005 ) 107 Virus Res. : 103 -108.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Novak, R., Ester, K., SaviĆ, V., Sekellick, M. J., Marcus, P. I., Lowenthal, J. W., Vainio, O. and Ragland, W. L. (2001): Immune status assessment by abundance of IFN-α and IFN-γ in chicken blood. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 21, 643–651.

    Ragland W. L. , 'Immune status assessment by abundance of IFN-α and IFN-γ in chicken blood ' (2001 ) 21 J. Interferon Cytokine Res. : 643 -651.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Okamura, M., Lillehoj, H. S., Raybourne, R. B., Babu, U. and Heckert, R. (2003): Antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin production in chickens immunized with killed Salmonella enteritidis vaccine or experimental subunit vaccines. Avian Dis. 47, 1331–1338.

    Heckert R. , 'Antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin production in chickens immunized with killed Salmonella enteritidis vaccine or experimental subunit vaccines ' (2003 ) 47 Avian Dis. : 1331 -1338.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Orinska, Z., Bulanova, E., Budagiar, V., Metz, M., Mauer, M. and Bulfone-Paus, S. (2005): TLR3-induced activation of mast cells modulates CD8+ T-cell recruitment. Blood 106, 978–987.

    Bulfone-Paus S. , 'TLR3-induced activation of mast cells modulates CD8+ T-cell recruitment ' (2005 ) 106 Blood : 978 -987.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Quéré, P., Rivas, C., Ester, K., Novak, R. and Ragland, W. L. (2005): Abundance of IFN-α and IFN-γ mRNA in blood of resistant and susceptible chickens infected with Marek’s disease virus (MDV) or vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus; and MDV inhibition of subsequent induction of IFN gene transcription by inactivated Newcastle disease virus. Arch. Virol. 150, 507–519.

    Ragland W. L. , 'Abundance of IFN-α and IFN-γ mRNA in blood of resistant and susceptible chickens infected with Marek’s disease virus (MDV) or vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus; and MDV inhibition of subsequent induction of IFN gene transcription by inactivated Newcastle disease virus ' (2005 ) 150 Arch. Virol. : 507 -519.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Schoenborn, J. R. and Wilson, C. B. (2007): Regulation of interferon-gamma during innate and adaptive immune responses. Adv. Immunol. 96, 41–101.

    Wilson C. B. , 'Regulation of interferon-gamma during innate and adaptive immune responses ' (2007 ) 96 Adv. Immunol. : 41 -101.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Schultz, U., Kaspers, B. and Staeheli, P. (2004): The interferon system of non-mammalian vertebrates. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 28, 499–508.

    Staeheli P. , 'The interferon system of non-mammalian vertebrates ' (2004 ) 28 Dev. Comp. Immunol. : 499 -508.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Schwarz, H., Harlin, O., Ohnemus, A., Kaspers, B. and Staeheli, P. (2004): Synthesis of IFN-β by virus-infected chicken embryo cells demonstrated with specific antisera and a new bioassay. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 24, 179–184.

    Staeheli P. , 'Synthesis of IFN-β by virus-infected chicken embryo cells demonstrated with specific antisera and a new bioassay ' (2004 ) 24 J. Interferon Cytokine Res. : 179 -184.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Stewart, W. E. (1981): The Interferon System. 2nd edition. Springer-Verlag, Wien. 493 pp.

    Stewart W. E. , '', in The Interferon System , (1981 ) -.

  • Sundaresan, N. R., Ahmed, K. A., Saxena, V. K., Sastry, K. V. H., Saxena, M., Pramod, A. B., Nath, M., Singh, K. B., Rasool, T. J., Devroy, A. K. and Singh, R. V. (2005): Differential expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytokine mRNA in chicken lines divergent for cutaneous hypersensitivity response. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 108, 373–385.

    Singh R. V. , 'Differential expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytokine mRNA in chicken lines divergent for cutaneous hypersensitivity response ' (2005 ) 108 Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. : 373 -385.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Takeuchi, O. and Akira, S. (2009): Innate immunity to virus infection. Immunol. Rev. 227, 75–86.

    Akira S. , 'Innate immunity to virus infection ' (2009 ) 227 Immunol. Rev. : 75 -86.

  • Vilček, J. and Sen, G. C. (1996): Interferons and other cytokines. In: Fields, B. N., Knipe, D. M. and Howley, P. M. (eds) Fundamental Virology. 3rd edition. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia. pp. 341–365.

    Sen G. C. , '', in Fundamental Virology , (1996 ) -.
Cover Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Print ISSN:
0236-6290
Online ISSN:
1588-2705
Keywords:
Chicken; Newcastle disease; vaccine; IFN-α; IFN-γ; IL-2; real-time RT-PCR

Monthly Content Usage

Abstract Views Full Text Views PDF Downloads
Nov 2020 4 2 1
Dec 2020 1 0 0
Jan 2021 0 0 0
Feb 2021 9 0 0
Mar 2021 5 0 0
Apr 2021 4 0 0
May 2021 0 0 0