Author:
Bianka Dobos
Bianka Dobos
Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Bölcsészettudományi Kar, Neveléstudományi Doktori Iskola, Szeged
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A társas kapcsolatok hiánya és a szociális funkciók romlása, az alacsony énhatékonyság és ennek következtében a csökkent életminőség a szorongásos zavarok gyakori velejárói. A társas környezetben tapasztalt szorongás nemcsak a vonásszorongással és a tökéletességre való törekvéssel függ össze, hanem a pszichológiai védőfaktorok hiányával is. Annak ellenére, hogy a lámpaláz hazánkban is igen elterjedt, a pedagógusok csak kis mértékben, vagy egyáltalán nem tudnak tanácsot adni a kezelést vagy a tünetek enyhítését illetően. Nemzetközi szinten dinamikusan nő a lámpaláz iránti érdeklődés, bővül a zenészek körében alkalmazott terápiás lehetőségek száma, míg hazánkban csak elvétve találunk olyan tanulmányokat, amelyek említenék ezt a témakört. Ezt a hiányt szeretném pótolni a jelen tanulmánnyal, amelyben bemutatom a zenei teljesítményszorongás háttértényezőit, a társuló mentális zavarokat és azokat a kezelési módszereket, amelyek hatékonyságát már zenészek körében is igazolták. A szakirodalmi áttekintés alapján a zenei teljesítményszorongás minden korosztályban és hangszercsoportban előforduló jelenség. Tünetei a specifikus fóbiával mutatnak hasonlóságokat, fokozott szociális félelem esetén azonban felmerülhet a szociális szorongás gyanúja. Más szorongásos zavarokhoz hasonlóan gyakrabban fordul elő nők körében. Kialakulásának hátterét egy pánikszerű negatív érzelem képzi, amely kondicionálás útján asszociálódik a zenei teljesítményhelyzettel. Protektív faktorként tekinthető az énhatékonyság-érzés és a vonásszintű tudatosság, ezek hiányában gyakran jár együtt depresszióval és perfekcionizmussal. A társuló zavarok miatt kezelése komplex, azonban megfelelő terápia és gyógyszeres kezelés pozitív változásokat eredményez. Az oktatási intézményekben jelenleg nagy szükség lenne olyan előadói készségfejlesztő kurzusokra és szakmai programokra, amelyek tájékoztatásra adnának lehetőséget a zenei teljesítményszorongást és annak kezelését illetően.
Lack of social interactions and poor social functions, low self-afficacy and therefore low life satisfaction are often related to anxiety disorders. Social anxiety is not only associated with trait anxiety and the perfectionistic strivings, but also with the absence of protective factors. Despite of it's prevalence across our country, teachers find it difficult to give advice about how to treat the symptoms. While dynamic interest can be observed across countries and the number of therapeutic interventions for music performance anxiety is growing, there are only a few scientific papers about this subject in Hungary. I would like to fill this gap by introducing the music performance anxiety and its background, related mental disorders and treatments, that have already been used among musicians. Literature review shows that MPA is a phenomena that affects different age groups and musical instrument groups. Symptoms show similarities with specific phobia, but the more social fears the more likely there is an underlying social anxiety. The development of performance anxiety starts with panic-like negative emotions that over time become associated with music performance through conditioning process. Protective factors are self-efficacy and trait mindfulness, lack of these traits can lead to perfectionism and depression. Treatment can be complex due to comorbid disorders, but chosing the right therapy and medication often brings a positive outcome. There is a huge need for educational institutions to offer courses and programmes targeting music skills to provide guidance and a deeper look into performance anxiety and its treatment.
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| 2023 | |
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| Scopus | |
| CiteScore | 0.6 |
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| Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika | |
|---|---|
| Language | English Hungarian |
| Size | B5 |
| Year of Foundation |
2000 |
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1 |
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4 |
| Founder | Végeken Egézséglélektani Alapítvány |
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| ISSN | 1419-8126 (Print) |
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