“A Trope is a shift of a word or phrase from its proper meaning to another, in a way that has positive value” (Quint. 8. 6. 1). I treat the tropes in Roman rhetoric and grammar but it does not mean that I do not take into consideration the Greek. I scrutinize the tropes in the survived Roman and Greek rhetorics and grammars in order to establish the development of the theory of tropes. Versus Karl Barwick, I mean that the theory of tropes established itself in the first century B.C. under the influence of Peripatetic School.