Összefoglaló. A dohányzás hazai viszonylatban és globálisan is óriási terheket ró a társadalomra, a gazdaságra és az egyénekre. A COVID–19 járványhelyzetben fontos kiemelni, hogy a jelenleg rendelkezésre álló tudásunk alapján a dohányzás is azon rizikótényezők közé tartozik, melyek növelik a súlyos lefolyású koronavírus-fertőzés kockázatát. Óriási mértékű lobbitevékenység veszi körül a dohányzás területét. A dohányipar a rendelkezésre álló és nyilvánvaló tudományos bizonyítékok ellenére is mindent elkövet annak érdekében, hogy nehezítse a dohányzás leküzdését célzó népegészségügyi intézkedések és törekvések bevezetését és végrehajtását. A dohányipar már a 20. század közepétől kísérletezik alternatív dohánytermékek kifejlesztésével, amellyel ellensúlyozhatja a klasszikus dohánytermékek fogyasztásának visszaesését. Különböző taktikai megoldásokkal, folyamatos innovációval és új típusú dohánytermékek piacra dobásával (pl. hevített) a dohányipar próbálja a hagyományos dohánytermékek csökkenéséből eredő problémáit ellensúlyozni, valamint – a fogyasztókat, döntéshozókat gyakran megtévesztve – a piacukat és az addikciót meg-, illetve fenntartani. Tanulmányunk célja a dohányipari befolyásolási technikákkal összefüggő legfrissebb információk áttekintése mellett a hevített dohánytermékekkel kapcsolatban elérhető tudományos bizonyítékok összefoglalása, valamint a COVID–19 és a dohányzás közötti kapcsolat ismertetése. Jelen áttekintés a PubMed adatbázisban elérhető publikációkon, valamint hazai és nemzetközi tudományos intézetek honlapján közölt összefoglalókon és felméréseken alapul.
Summary. Smoking causes a huge burden on society, economy and individuals, both domestically and globally. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to highlight that, to the best of our current knowledge, smoking is also one of the risk factors that increases the risk of severe coronavirus infection. There are enormous lobbying efforts surrounding the tobacco area. Despite the available and clear scientific evidence, the tobacco industry is doing its utmost to make it more difficult to introduce and implement public health measures and efforts to combat smoking. The tobacco industry has been experimenting with the development of alternative tobacco products since the mid-20th century to offset the decline in consumption of classic tobacco products. Therefore, by using different tactics, the tobacco industry applies continuous innovation and launches new types of tobacco products (e.g. heated), to countervail its problems arising from the decrease of traditional tobacco products, to retain their markets, and to maintain addiction by often misleading consumers and decision-makers. The aims of our study are to review the most recent knowledge about the tobacco industry interference, to summarize available scientific evidence related to heated tobacco products, and to present the current association between COVID-19 and smoking. This review summarizes the existing knowledge based on publications in the PubMed database and on reviews and research data published by national and international scientific institutions.
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