Scientia et Securitas
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 2
Demencia prevenció: A korai diagnózistól a személyre szabott intervencióig
Authors:
Annamária Manga Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Agyi Képalkotó Központ, Budapest, Magyarország; Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre, Budapest, Hungary
Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem, Kognitív Tudományi Tanszék, Budapest, Magyarország; Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest, Hungary

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Menta Havadi-Nagy Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Agyi Képalkotó Központ, Budapest, Magyarország; Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre, Budapest, Hungary

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Orsolya Székely Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Agyi Képalkotó Központ, Budapest, Magyarország; Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre, Budapest, Hungary

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Zoltán Vidnyánszky Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Agyi Képalkotó Központ, Budapest, Magyarország; Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre, Budapest, Hungary

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Pages:
207–219
Online Publication Date:
10 Oct 2021
Publication Date:
10 Oct 2021
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/112.2021.00031
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s disease; dementia; MRI; biomarker;
Keywords (Hungarian):
Alzheimer-kór; demencia; MRI; biomarker;
Open access

Összefoglaló. Az elmúlt évtizedekben a várható élettartam emelkedésével drámai mértékben nőtt a demencia előfordulásának gyakorisága, melynek hátterében leggyakrabban az Alzheimer-kór áll. A rendkívül ígéretes, biomarkereken, agyi képalkotáson és mesterséges intelligencián alapuló megközelítéseknek köszönhetően egyre szélesebb körű információink vannak a betegség kialakulásáról és lefolyásáról, új kapukat nyitva ezzel a demencia korai diagnózisa és a személyre szabott terápia felé. Míg az új kutatási irányzatok előnye vitathatatlan, a nagy mennyiségű kutatási adat kezelése, illetve a betegség korai szakaszban történő azonosítása több biztonsági kérdést felvet. A korai diagnózis mellett egyre nagyobb hangsúly helyeződik az intervencióra, a demenciára hajlamosító tényezőkbe történő beavatkozás által.

Summary. As a consequence of increasing life expectancy, the number of those living with dementia is rising. While Alzheimer’s disease (AD) constitutes the most common cause of dementia, the origin of AD is unknown. Furthermore, in the absence of effective treatment, therapy focuses on the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of the disease, and the wellbeing of the patient. AD is characterised by a pronounced impairment experienced in one or more cognitive domains, and the criterion of the diagnosis is the presence of aggregated proteins in the brain leading to neuron death, and eventually to the loss of cognitive abilities.

As a result of the latest technological advances, several biological markers (biomarkers) of AD pathology were identified. The biomarkers can be obtained using positron emission tomography or measured from cerebrospinal fluid, and lately from blood serum and plasma as well. Magnetic resonance imaging provides an important measure of brain atrophy, a biomarker of neurodegeneration and neuronal injury. The structure of the brain shows significant alterations as a function of neuronal loss, with cortical thinning and tissue density changes, mainly starting from the medial temporal lobes (also including the hippocampus playing a prominent role in memory functions), and extending to the temporoparietal regions, with observed changes in the activity of the different functional brain networks as well.

A major challenge in defeating AD is that in most cases, the disease is recognised subsequent to the appearance of the decline in cognitive abilities, hampering everyday life. Previous studies identified a preclinical stage of AD, where the biomarkers indicative of the disease are present in the absence of detectable cognitive symptoms. This early, preclinical stage – with the use of artificial intelligence-based techniques – has been suggested to be a promising window for the early detection of the disease, and also for the prediction of individual disease trajectories, allowing for the thorough planning of patient management. While the benefit of the early diagnosis is unequivocal, it raises a number of important ethical and safety issues.

Besides the tremendous effort of developing effective medical treatments, the importance of intervention stands in the centre of scientific interest. The proposed prevention and intervention methods target the potentially modifiable risk factors of dementia, encouraging engagement in stimulating everyday activities and healthy lifestyle, to preserve longevity.

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Cover Scientia et Securitas
Scientia et Securitas
Online ISSN:
2732-2688

Editor-in-Chief:

Founding Editor-in-Chief:

  • Tamás NÉMETH

Managing Editor:

  • István SABJANICS (Ministry of Interior, Budapest, Hungary)

Editorial Board:

  • Attila ASZÓDI (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
  • Zoltán BIRKNER (University of Pannonia)
  • Valéria CSÉPE (Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre)
  • Gergely DELI (University of Public Service)
  • Tamás DEZSŐ (Migration Research Institute)
  • Imre DOBÁK (University of Public Service)
  • Marcell Gyula GÁSPÁR (University of Miskolc)
  • József HALLER (University of Public Service)
  • Charaf HASSAN (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
  • Zoltán GYŐRI (Hungaricum Committee)
  • János JÓZSA (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
  • András KOLTAY (National Media and Infocommunications Authority)
  • Gábor KOVÁCS (University of Public Service)
  • Levente KOVÁCS (Óbuda University)
  • Melinda KOVÁCS (Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE))
  • Miklós MARÓTH (Avicenna Institue of Middle Eastern Studies )
  • Judit MÓGOR (Ministry of Interior National Directorate General for Disaster Management)
  • József PALLO (University of Public Service)
  • István SABJANICS (Ministry of Interior)
  • Péter SZABÓ (Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE))
  • Miklós SZÓCSKA (Semmelweis University)

Ministry of Interior
Science Strategy and Coordination Department
Address: H-2090 Remeteszőlős, Nagykovácsi út 3.
Phone: (+36 26) 795 906
E-mail: scietsec@bm.gov.hu

DOAJ

2023  
CrossRef Documents 32
CrossRef Cites 15
Days from submission to acceptance 59
Days from acceptance to publication 104
Acceptance Rate 81%

2022  
CrossRef Documents 38
CrossRef Cites 10
Days from submission to acceptance 54
Days from acceptance to publication 78
Acceptance Rate 84%

2021  
CrossRef Documents 46
CrossRef Cites 0
Days from submission to acceptance 33
Days from acceptance to publication 85
Acceptance Rate 93%

2020  
CrossRef Documents 13
CrossRef Cites 0
Days from submission to acceptance 30
Days from acceptance to publication 62
Acceptance Rate 93%

Publication Model Gold Open Access
Submission Fee none
Article Processing Charge none

Scientia et Securitas
Language Hungarian
English
Size A4
Year of
Foundation		 2020
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 4
Founder Academic Council of Home Affairs and
Association of Hungarian PhD and DLA Candidates
Founder's
Address		 H-2090 Remeteszőlős, Hungary, Nagykovácsi út 3.
H-1055 Budapest, Hungary Falk Miksa utca 1.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
Applied
Licenses		 CC-BY 4.0
CC-BY-NC 4.0
ISSN ISSN 2732-2688 (online), 3057-9759 (print)
   

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