A globális, az európai uniós vírusválság határpolitikai hatásai.: Államhatárok régi-új szerepben a Kárpát-medencében, 2020–2021

Zoltán Hajdú

doi:10.1556/112.2021.00053

Jump to Content

Scientia et Securitas

Volume/Issue:: Volume 2: Issue 3

A globális, az európai uniós vírusválság határpolitikai hatásai.

Államhatárok régi-új szerepben a Kárpát-medencében, 2020–2021

Author:

Zoltán Hajdú

Zoltán Hajdú Közgazdaság- és Regionális Tudományi Kutatóközpont Regionális Kutatások Intézete, Dunántúli Tudományos Osztály Pécs, Magyarország; Research Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Institute of Regional Studies Pécs, Hungary

Search for other papers by Zoltán Hajdú in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed

View More View Less

Pages:: 275–283

Online Publication Date:: 22 Dec 2021

Publication Date:: 22 Dec 2021

Article Category:: Research Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/112.2021.00053

Keywords:: Covid-19; border-closed world; EU border policies; Hungary on borders; different border policies in the Carpathian Basin;

Keywords (Hungarian):: Covid–19; globális államhatár-folyamatok; az Európai Unió válaszai; a külső és a belső államhatárok lezárása; a Kárpát-medencén belüli határzárások;

Open access

Download PDF

Összefoglaló. Az elmúlt mintegy másfél év alatt a COVID–19 vírus valójában több struktúrában megrengette a világot, az Európai Uniót és egyes országokat is. A világ államai rövid idő alatt bezárkóztak, az Európai Unió 30 napra lezárta külső határait, az egyes tagállamok pedig az uniós belső határokat is lezárták. Veszélybe került a schengeni rendszer. A Kárpát-medence államai az elsők között reagáltak a határok lezárásával. Az egyéni döntések kritikája erőteljesen megjelent az Európai Bizottság részéről. A globális, az európai és a szomszédállami folyamatok összefüggtek. A határok lezárása feltehetően hozzájárult a vírus terjedésének a korlátozásához. (Ausztrália példája ezt erősíti.) A határzárak a nemzetközi tranzitforgalomban, a határ menti területeken élők és az ingázók között okozták a legnagyobb bizonytalanságot, több esetben zűrzavart.

Summary. According to the first ‘official announcement’ in December of 2019 the Covid-19 virus is reported to have emerged in China. The global spread of the virus was extremely fast. On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared Covid-19 to be a global pandemic. As of 31 March 2020 about 91% of the world population lived in countries with border and travel restrictions (border-closed world). The brief analysis reviews the main processes affecting EU and Member States borders, with a special regard to Hungary and its neighbours in the Carpathian Basin. On 17 March 2020, the EU closed its external borders for 30 days.to non-EU citizens. In parallel, a number of Member States decided to close their borders to both Schengen Zone members and third countries. As a response to border closures, the EU Commission and some states organized the repatriation of about 600,000 EU citizens. On 4 March, virus was officially reported to have been detected in Hungary. On 11 March the Hungarian Government declared a national state of emergency. On 15 March the first coronavirus-related death was announced. On 16 March the Government ordered the complete closure of Hungarian borders. After a border ‘traffic chaos’ along the Austrian-Hungarian border, the Hungarian Government – with collaborations with Romania – opened humanitarian corridors for foreign citizens. The possibilities of border crossings of citizens of seven neighbours of Hungary were formed not just by Hungary. In 2020 because of different changes (modifications, opening and closing) we could form at least three categories: open borders, partly open borders, closed borders. In the neighbouring countries (Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia) the progression of the epidemic followed the same pattern. Over the past year and a half the virus crisis has actually shaken many structures of the globalized world, the European Union and many countries in the Carpathian Basin. The virus crises has disrupted intensive connections between Hungary and neighbouring countries. Neither Hungary nor its neighbours were able to insulate themselves from the epidemic waves. The border restrictions primarily affected the movements of persons. Because of ‘permanent uncertainty’ commuters were the losers of the crisis.

ProCite

RefWorks

Reference Manager

BibTeX

Zotero

EndNote

Save
Cite
Email this content

Share Link

Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend
Email this content
or copy the link directly:

https://akjournals.com/view/journals/112/2/3/article-p275.xml
The link was not copied. Your current browser may not support copying via this button.

Link copied successfully

Collapse
Expand

Scientia et Securitas

Online ISSN:: 2732-2688

Editor-in-Chief:

József BOKOR (Computer and Automation Research Institute)

Founding Editor-in-Chief:

Tamás NÉMETH

Managing Editor:

István SABJANICS (Ministry of Interior, Budapest, Hungary)

Editorial Board:

Attila ASZÓDI (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
Zoltán BIRKNER (University of Pannonia)
Valéria CSÉPE (Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre)
Gergely DELI (University of Public Service)
Tamás DEZSŐ (Migration Research Institute)
Imre DOBÁK (University of Public Service)
Marcell Gyula GÁSPÁR (University of Miskolc)
József HALLER (University of Public Service)
Charaf HASSAN (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
Zoltán GYŐRI (Hungaricum Committee)
János JÓZSA (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
András KOLTAY (National Media and Infocommunications Authority)
Gábor KOVÁCS (University of Public Service)
Levente KOVÁCS (Óbuda University)
Melinda KOVÁCS (Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE))
Miklós MARÓTH (Avicenna Institue of Middle Eastern Studies )
Judit MÓGOR (Ministry of Interior National Directorate General for Disaster Management)
József PALLO (University of Public Service)
István SABJANICS (Ministry of Interior)
Péter SZABÓ (Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE))
Miklós SZÓCSKA (Semmelweis University)

Ministry of Interior
Science Strategy and Coordination Department
Address: H-2090 Remeteszőlős, Nagykovácsi út 3.
Phone: (+36 26) 795 906
E-mail: scietsec@bm.gov.hu

DOAJ

2023
CrossRef Documents	32
CrossRef Cites	15
Days from submission to acceptance	59
Days from acceptance to publication	104
Acceptance Rate	81%

2022
CrossRef Documents	38
CrossRef Cites	10
Days from submission to acceptance	54
Days from acceptance to publication	78
Acceptance Rate	84%

2021
CrossRef Documents	46
CrossRef Cites	0
Days from submission to acceptance	33
Days from acceptance to publication	85
Acceptance Rate	93%

2020
CrossRef Documents	13
CrossRef Cites	0
Days from submission to acceptance	30
Days from acceptance to publication	62
Acceptance Rate	93%

Publication Model	Gold Open Access
Submission Fee	none
Article Processing Charge	none

Scientia et Securitas
Language	Hungarian English
Size	A4
Year of Foundation	2020
Volumes per Year	1
Issues per Year	4
Founder	Academic Council of Home Affairs and Association of Hungarian PhD and DLA Candidates
Founder's Address	H-2090 Remeteszőlős, Hungary, Nagykovácsi út 3. H-1055 Budapest, Hungary Falk Miksa utca 1.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
Applied Licenses	CC-BY 4.0 CC-BY-NC 4.0
ISSN	ISSN 2732-2688 (online), 3057-9759 (print)