A nagy nyelvi modellek felsőoktatásra, valamint kis- és középvállalkozásokra gyakorolt hatásának értékelése adatvédelmi szempontból

István Sabjanics

doi:10.1556/112.2023.00211

Scientia et Securitas

Volume/Issue:: Volume 4: Issue 2

A nagy nyelvi modellek felsőoktatásra, valamint kis- és középvállalkozásokra gyakorolt hatásának értékelése adatvédelmi szempontból

Author:

István Sabjanics

István Sabjanics Gábor Dénes Egyetem, Polgári adatbiztonság kutatócsoport Budapest Magyarország; Gábor Dénes University, Civil Data Security Research Group Budapest Hungary

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sabjanics.istvan@jak.ppke.hu

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Pages:: 90–97

Online Publication Date:: 11 Apr 2024

Publication Date:: 11 Apr 2024

Article Category:: Research Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/112.2023.00211

Keywords:: artificial intelligence; large language models; ChatGPT; higher education; SMEs/SMBs;

Keywords (Hungarian):: mesterséges intelligencia; nagy nyelvi modellek; ChatGPT; felsőoktatás; kkv-k;

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Összefoglalás.

Ez a tanulmány a mesterséges intelligencia és a nagy nyelvi modellek, különösen a ChatGPT hatásait vizsgálja a felsőoktatási környezetben, valamint a kis- és középvállalkozások tekintetében. A generatív mesterséges intelligencia felsőoktatási környezetben oktatási és kutatási szempontból egyaránt jelentős hatást gyakorolt, amely előirányozta az oktatás, különösen az oktatási és tanulási módszerek újragondolását. Fokozottabb és egyéni igényekhez igazított tanulási élményeket képes biztosítani a mesterséges intelligencia. A ChatGPT-hez hasonló nagy nyelvi modellek fejlődésének mértéke és gyors elterjedése forradalmasította a kommunikációt és az információfeldolgozást, lehetőséget teremtve az interaktívabb oktatási platformok bevezetésére. Ezzel párhuzamosan az üzleti szektor, különösen a kis- és középvállalkozások paradigmaváltáson mentek keresztül működésük hatékonyságának növelését és az ügyfélkapcsolati megoldásokat érintő innováció terén, amelynek alapja a mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazása. Ez a tanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogy ezek a szervezetek milyen módon használják a nagy nyelvi modelleket alkalmazó eszközöket a folyamataik racionalizálására, az ügyfélkapcsolatok javítására és a döntéshozatali képességek bővítésére. A tanulmány kitér a nagy nyelvi modellek felsőoktatási környezetben, valamint a kis- és középvállalkozások által történő biztonságos és jogszerű alkalmazását érintő etikai megfontolásokra és az esetlegesen felmerülő kockázatokra.

Summary.

This study investigates the impact of artificial intelligence and large language models, in particular ChatGPT, in higher education and small and medium-sized enterprises. Generative AI in higher education settings has had a significant impact from both an educational and a research perspective, which has foreseen a rethinking of education, in particular teaching and learning methods. AI can provide enhanced and personalised learning experiences. The scale and rapid spread of the development of large language models such as ChatGPT has revolutionised communication and information processing, opening the way for the introduction of more interactive educational platforms. At the same time, the business sector, in particular SMEs, has undergone a paradigm shift in terms of operational efficiency and innovation in customer relationship solutions based on the use of artificial intelligence. This paper examines how these organisations are using tools that apply high-level language models to streamline their processes, improve customer relationships and enhance decision-making capabilities. The study also addresses the ethical considerations and potential risks associated with the safe and legal use of large language models in higher education and by SMEs.

First, the study focuses on assessing the privacy risks and opportunities of using large language models in higher education, specifically and separately on teaching and research. In conclusion the study suggest, that large language models have the potential to bring positive changes in higher education, especially in the form of personalised or small group sessions in virtual classrooms, in parallel with classroom or hybrid teaching, applications that support individual preparation and learning and better presentation of the curriculum. It is essential, however, that taking over the administrative tasks of trainers does not justify, or even justify, human supervision of AI. It is the responsibility of higher education institutions to establish ethical rules for the use of AI, especially large language models, balancing technological and pedagogical aspects, which can perhaps best be summarised as development and not substitution. Various large language models can help, but they cannot replace the unique qualities that human teachers can bring to the learning experience. In conclusion regarding SMEs, the emergence and pace of development of large language models has such a significant impact on the competitiveness of a business that their introduction and the associated technological changeover of a business in a very short time will be almost a matter of course. Guidelines and recommendations from international organisations and various market surveillance and data protection authorities are useful to help SMEs to effectively increase their competitiveness while remaining fully compliant with the regulatory environment.

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Scientia et Securitas

Online ISSN:: 2732-2688

Editor-in-Chief:

József BOKOR (Computer and Automation Research Institute)

Founding Editor-in-Chief:

Tamás NÉMETH

Managing Editor:

István SABJANICS (Ministry of Interior, Budapest, Hungary)

Editorial Board:

Attila ASZÓDI (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
Zoltán BIRKNER (University of Pannonia)
Valéria CSÉPE (Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre)
Gergely DELI (University of Public Service)
Tamás DEZSŐ (Migration Research Institute)
Imre DOBÁK (University of Public Service)
Marcell Gyula GÁSPÁR (University of Miskolc)
József HALLER (University of Public Service)
Charaf HASSAN (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
Zoltán GYŐRI (Hungaricum Committee)
János JÓZSA (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
András KOLTAY (National Media and Infocommunications Authority)
Gábor KOVÁCS (University of Public Service)
Levente KOVÁCS (Óbuda University)
Melinda KOVÁCS (Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE))
Miklós MARÓTH (Avicenna Institue of Middle Eastern Studies )
Judit MÓGOR (Ministry of Interior National Directorate General for Disaster Management)
József PALLO (University of Public Service)
István SABJANICS (Ministry of Interior)
Péter SZABÓ (Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE))
Miklós SZÓCSKA (Semmelweis University)

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Science Strategy and Coordination Department
Address: H-2090 Remeteszőlős, Nagykovácsi út 3.
Phone: (+36 26) 795 906
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2023
CrossRef Documents	32
CrossRef Cites	15
Days from submission to acceptance	59
Days from acceptance to publication	104
Acceptance Rate	81%

2022
CrossRef Documents	38
CrossRef Cites	10
Days from submission to acceptance	54
Days from acceptance to publication	78
Acceptance Rate	84%

2021
CrossRef Documents	46
CrossRef Cites	0
Days from submission to acceptance	33
Days from acceptance to publication	85
Acceptance Rate	93%

2020
CrossRef Documents	13
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Days from submission to acceptance	30
Days from acceptance to publication	62
Acceptance Rate	93%

Publication Model	Gold Open Access
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Scientia et Securitas
Language	Hungarian English
Size	A4
Year of Foundation	2020
Volumes per Year	1
Issues per Year	4
Founder	Academic Council of Home Affairs and Association of Hungarian PhD and DLA Candidates
Founder's Address	H-2090 Remeteszőlős, Hungary, Nagykovácsi út 3. H-1055 Budapest, Hungary Falk Miksa utca 1.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
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ISSN	3057-9759 (print)
ISSN	2732-2688 (online)