The paper discusses a possibility to grow seeds on solutions of microelements and application of sprouts enriched in such a way as an alternative to commercial dietary supplements. It contains a short review of the approaches reported till now and a systematic experimental study, carried on the most frequently used seeds (Lens culinaris, Helianthus annuus, Vigna radiata, Glycine max, and Lepidium sativum).Seven metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Cd, and Mn) were studied. Seeds were grown on cellulose in 20°C temperature using deionized water enriched with metals in concentrations: 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, and 3.125 mg/L in a period of 4 days. The reference samples were the seeds grown on pure deionized water. Sprouts were mineralized by microwave radiation, and the metal content was quantified by ion chromatography with on-line post-column derivatization and spectrophotometric detection.The conclusions can be treated as general recommendations, which seeds should be grown and what concentrations of metals in solutions should be applied to provide good enrichment and to avoid risk of microelement overdose.
P. Lewicki, Food. Science Technology. Quality, 17, 18 (2010).
Lewicki P , '' (2010 ) 17 Food. Science Technology. Quality : 18 -.
M.W. Conner, P.M. Newberne, Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 4, S341 (1984).
Newberne PM , '' (1984 ) 4 Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : S341 -.
N.N. Popov, N.P. Mashev, Fiziologija Na Rastenijata, 5, 90 (1979).
Mashev NP , '' (1979 ) 5 Fiziologija Na Rastenijata : 90 -.
J.H. Freeland-Graves, M.L. Ebangit, P.W. Bodzy, Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 77, 648 (1980).
Bodzy PW , '' (1980 ) 77 Journal of the American Dietetic Association : 648 -.
R.L. Bansal, N.G. Zyrin, Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin (English Translation of Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, 38, 50 (1983).
Zyrin NG , '' (1983 ) 38 Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin (English Translation of Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta : 50 -.
R.B.H. Wills, A.W.K. Wong, F.M. Scriven, H. Greenfield, J. Agric. Food Chem., 32, 413 (1984).
Greenfield H , '' (1984 ) 32 J. Agric. Food Chem. : 413 -.
S.S. Kadam, D.K. Salunkhe, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 22, 1 (1985).
Salunkhe DK , '' (1985 ) 22 Critical reviews in food science and nutrition : 1 -.
R.M. Goodrich, R.S. Parker, D.J. Lisk, G.S. Stoewsand, Food Chem., 27, 141 (1988).
Stoewsand GS , '' (1988 ) 27 Food Chem. : 141 -.
H.-O. Leh, Nachr. Bl. Dtsch. Pflanzenschutz Dients., 40, 106 (1988).
Leh H-O , '' (1988 ) 40 Nachr. Bl. Dtsch. Pflanzenschutz Dients. : 106 -.
J.R. Lujan, D.W. Darnall, P.C. Stark, G.D. Rayson, J.L. Gardea-Torresdey, Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., 12, 803 (1994).
Gardea-Torresdey JL , '' (1994 ) 12 Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. : 803 -.
qR. Metz, J. Dorn, B.M. Wilke, Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft fur Okologie, 28, 465 (1997).
Wilke BM , '' (1997 ) 28 Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft fur Okologie : 465 -.
M. Laric, N. Filipovic, N. Hladni, O. Grujic, Acta Alimentaria, 27, 21 (1998).
Grujic O , '' (1998 ) 27 Acta Alimentaria : 21 -.
A. Bibak, S. Storup, L. Knudsen, V. Gundersen, Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 30, 2409 (1999).
Gundersen V , '' (1999 ) 30 Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. : 2409 -.
A. Elik, M. Akcay, M. Sokmen, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 77, 133 (2000).
Sokmen M , '' (2000 ) 77 Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. : 133 -.
T. Cinar, A. Elik, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 82, 321 (2002).
Elik A , '' (2002 ) 82 Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. : 321 -.
Z. En, A. Vasidov, V.V. Tsipin, T. Tillaev, G.I. Jumaniyazova, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 505, 462 (2003).
Jumaniyazova GI , '' (2003 ) 505 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment : 462 -.
C. Saiki, R. Hirasawa, C. Sadayasu, S. Yamashiro, M. Tominaga, K. Sato, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 50, 286 (2004).
Sato K , '' (2004 ) 50 J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. : 286 -.
S. Inaba, C. Takenaka, Environment International, 31, 603 (2005).
Takenaka C , '' (2005 ) 31 Environment International : 603 -.
H. Zielinski, J. Frias, M.K. Piskula, H. Kozlowska, C. Vidal-Valverde, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 221, 78 (2005).
Vidal-Valverde C , '' (2005 ) 221 Eur. Food Res. Technol. : 78 -.
G. Urbano, M. Lopez-Jurado, C. Aranda, A. Vilchez, L. Cabrera, J.M. Porres, P. Aranda, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 41, 618 (2006).
Aranda P , '' (2006 ) 41 Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. : 618 -.
M.A. Sulieman, M.M. ElTyeb, M.A. Abbass, E.E.A. Ibrahim, E.E. Babiker, A.H. ElTinay, Journal of Biological Sciences, 7, 776 (2007).
ElTinay AH , '' (2007 ) 7 Journal of Biological Sciences : 776 -.
X.-H. Zeng, Y.-Z. Zhang, K.-R. Wang, X.-X. Li, Y.-H. Duan, J.-H. Xie, Y.-P. Zhang, N.-M. Tu, Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 18, 1665 (2007).
Tu N-M , '' (2007 ) 18 Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology : 1665 -.