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Tamás Molnár
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Since the Treaty of Maastricht, EU law has become more open to international law and has engaged with it in different forms of interactions. The influence of EU law on universal law-making has found its way through different legal channels and techniques. The article thoroughly scrutinizes the impact of EU return acquis on the development of the international law governing the ‘expulsion of aliens’, which can be best analysed through the work of the UN International Law Commission (ILC) on the expulsion of aliens (2004–2014). The ILC’s approach has come a long way from the mere ignorance of EU law and the EU’s submissions by the special rapporteur in the early stages of the codification work until it has gradually taking into account major EU migration law concepts in ILC reports and in the draft articles. The 2014 ILC draft articles on the expulsion of aliens have finally been, in many aspects, inspired and influenced by EU law, especially the Return Directive (2008/115/EC). This short piece meticulously explores the inroads EU return law made in relation to the ILC work on the expulsion of aliens, by identifying and critically evaluating the tangible impact of EU law on the UN codification project.

  • Acosta Arcarazo Diego , Latin American Reactions to the Adoption of the Returns Directive, (CEPS Liberty and Security in Europe publication series, November 2009) <https://www.ceps.eu/system/ files/book/2009/11/latin-american-reactions-adoption-returns-directive.pdf> accessed 30 April 2017.

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  • Aleinkoff, T. Alexander , ‘International Legal Norms on Migration: Substance without Architecture’ in Cholewinski, Richard, Perruchoud, Richard and MacDonald, Euan (eds), International Migration Law. Developing paradigms and Key Challenges (T.M.C. Asser Press 2007) 46780.

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  • Basu, Sudeshna, Schunz, Simon, Bruyninckx, Hans and Wouters, Jan, ‘The European Union’s Participation in United Nations Human Rights and Environmental Governance: Key Concepts and Major Challenges’ in Wouters, Jan et al (eds), The European Union and Multilateral Governance: Assessing EU Participation in United Nations Human Rights and Environmental Fora (Palgrave Macmillan 2012) 322.

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  • Bergé, Jean-Sylvestre , Les interactions entre le droit international et européen – Approche du phénomène en trois étapes dans le contexte européen (2009) Aequitas Virtual, Publicaciòn de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas, Universidad del Salvador (Repùblica Argentina), <http://p3.usal. edu.ar/index.php/aequitasvirtual/article/download/951/1134> accessed 30 April 2017.

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  • Brouwer, Evelien and de Vries, Karin, ‘Third-country nationals and discrimination on the ground of nationality: article 18 TFEU in the context of article 14 ECHR and EU migration law: time for a new approach’ in van den Brink, Marjolein and others (eds), Equality and Human Rights: Nothing But Trouble? Liber Amicorum Titia Loenen (SIM Publications 2015) 12446.

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  • Farahat, Anuscheh , ‘Enhancing Constitutional Justice by Using External References: The European Court of Human Rights’ Reasoning on the Protection against Expulsion’ (2015) 28 Leiden Journal of International Law 30322.

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  • Goodwin-Gill, Guy S. and McAdam, Jane, The Refugee in International Law (3rd edition, Oxford University Press 2007)

  • Gyeney, Laura and Molnár, Tamás, ‘The Immigration and Asylum Policy of the European Union’ in Láncos, Petra Lea and others (eds), Union Policies (Eleven International Publishing 2016) 183249.

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  • Hailbronner, Kay and Thym, Daniel, ‘Constitutional Framework and Principles for Interpretation’ in Hailbronner, Kay and Thym, Daniel (eds), EU Immigration and Asylum Law. A Commentary (2nd edn, C.H.Beck/Hart/Nomos 2016) 129.

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  • Joseph, Sarah and Castan, Melissa, The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Cases, Materials and Commentary (3rd edn, Oxford University Press 2013).

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  • Kochenov, Dimitriy and Amtenbrink, Fabian, The European Union’s Shaping of the International Legal Order (Cambridge University Press 2014).

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  • Lambert, Hélène , The position of aliens in relation to the European Convention on Human Rights (Council of Europe Publishing 2007).

  • Lillich, Richard B. , The Human Rights of Aliens in Contemporary International Law (Manchester University Press 1984).

  • Lutz, Fabian and Mananashvili, Sergo, ‘Return Directive 2008/115/EC’ in Hailbronner, Kay and Thym, Daniel (eds.), EU Immigration and Asylum Law. A Commentary (2nd edn, C.H.Beck/Hart/ Nomos 2016) 658763.

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  • Maes, Marleen, Vanheule, Dirk, Wouters, Jan and Foblets, Marie-Claire, ‘The international dimension of EU asylum and migration policy: framing the issues’ in Maes, Marleen and others (eds), External Dimensions of EU Migration and Asylum Law and Policy/Dimensions Externes du Droit et de la Politique d’Immigration et d’Asile de l’UE (Bruylant 2011) 960.

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  • Morano-Foadi, Sonia and Andreadakis, Stelios, ‘The Convergence of the European Legal System in the Treatment of Third Country Nationals in Europe: The ECJ and ECtHR Jurisprudence’ (2011) 22 European Journal of International Law 107188.

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  • Murphy, Sean D. , ‘The Expulsion of Aliens and Other Topics: The Sixty-Fourth Session of the International Law Commission’ (2013) 107 American Journal of International Law 16477.

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  • Murphy, Sean D. , ‘The Expulsion of Aliens (Revisited) and Other Topics: The Sixty-Sixth Session of the International Law Commission’ (2014) 59 George Washington University Law School Public Law and Legal Theory Paper <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2540098> accessed 30 April 2017.

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  • Nowak, Manfred , U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. CCPR Commentary (2nd edn, N.P. Engel Publisher 2005).

  • Peers, Steve , ‘International law, human rights law and EU asylum and migration policy’ in Maes, Marleen and others (eds), External Dimensions of EU Migration and Asylum Law and Policy/ Dimensions Externes du Droit et de la Politique d’Immigration et d’Asile de l’UE (Bruylant 2011) 6388.

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  • Pistoia, Emmanuela , ‘Procedural Rights of Illegal Migrants Facing Expulsion in Contemporary Times: Exploring Synergies Between the ILC Draft Articles and the EU Returns Directive’ in Acconci, Pia et al (eds), International Law and the Protection of Humanity: Essays in Honor of Flavia Lattanzi (Brill/Nijhoff 2017) 18295.

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  • Simma, Bruno and Pulkowski, Dirk, ‘Of Planets and the Universe: Self-contained Regimes in International Law’ (2006) 17 European Journal of International Law 483529.

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  • Tomuschat, Christian , ‘Expulsion of aliens: the International Law Commission draft article’ in Jochum, Georg et al (eds), Grenzüberschreitendes Recht — Crossing Frontiers Festschrift für Kay Hailbronner (C.F. Müller 2013) 64562.

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  • van Vooren, and others (eds), The EU’s Role in Global Governance: The Legal Dimension (Oxford University Press 2013).

  • Wouters, Jan and Hermez, Marta, ‘The EU’s contribution to the ‘strict observance’ and development of international law in the UNGA Sixth Committee’ (2016 October) 177 Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies Working Paper <https://ghum.kuleuven.be/ggs/wp177-wouters-hermez.pdf> accessed 30 April 2017.

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  • Ziegler, Katja S. , ‘International law and EU law: between asymmetric constitutionalisation and fragmentation’ in Orakhelashvili, Alexander (ed), Research Handbook on the Theory and History of International Law (Edward Elgar 2011) 268327.

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Senior editors

Editor-in-Chief: 

  • Éva JAKAB (Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Department of Civil Law and Roman Law, head of Doctoral School of Political Science and Law, Hungary)

Editors:

  • Fruzsina GÁRDOS-OROSZ (HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Institute for Legal Studies, Hungary; Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Law, Hungary)
  • Miklós KÖNCZÖL (HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Institute for Legal Studies, Hungary; Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Hungary)
  • Viktor LŐRINCZ (HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Institute for Legal Studies, Hungary)
  • Tamás HOFFMANN (HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Institute for Legal Studies, HU; Corvinus University of Budapest, Institute of International, Political and Regional Studies / Department of International Relations, Hungary)
  • Eszter KOVÁCS SZITKAY (HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Institute for Legal Studies, HUNGARY; Ludovika University of Public Service, Doctoral School of Law Enforcement, Hungary)

Editorial Board

  • Attila BADÓ (University of Szeged, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Hungary)
  • Mátyás BÓDIG (University of Aberdeen, King's College, School of Law, United Kingdom)
  • Zoltán CSEHI (Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Law, Hungary; Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Hungary)
  • Péter CSERNE (University of Aberdeen, King's College, School of Law, United Kingdom)
  • Balázs GELLÉR (Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Law, Hungary)
  • András JAKAB (Paris Lodron Universität Salzburg, Faculty of Law, Business and Economics, Austria)
  • Miodrag JOVANOVIĆ (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Law, Serbia)
  • Miklós KIRÁLY (Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Law, Hungary)
  • György KISS (National University of Public Service, Faculty of Public Governance and International Studies, HUNGARY; University of Pécs, Faculty of Law, Hungary)
  • Jan KUDRNA (Charles University, Faculty of Law, Czech Republic)
  • Herbert KÜPPER (Institut für Ostrecht, DE; Andrássy Universität, Chair of European Public Law, Hungary)
  • Konrad LACHMAYER (Sigmund Freud University, Faculty of Law, Austria)
  • Andzrej Stanislaw MĄCZYŃSKI (Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Law and Administration, Poland)
  • Guido PFEIFER (Goethe University, Faculty of Law, Germany)
  • Miklós SZABÓ (University of Miskolc, Faculty of Law, Hungary)
  • Zoltán SZENTE (HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Institute for Legal Studies, Hungary)
  • G.J.J. Heerma VAN VOSS (Leiden University, Institute of Public Law; Labour Law and Social Security, Netherlands)
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  • Fryderyk ZOLL (University of Osnabrück, European Legal Studies Institute, Germany)

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2023  
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Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies
Language English
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