Author:
Mihály Görög
gorog.mihaly@gtk.uni-pannon.hu
Mihály Görög
az MTA doktora, kutatóprofesszor, Pannon Egyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, Veszprém , Hungary
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A kutatásmódszertan szakirodalma általában áttekintést ad mind az induktív, mind a deduktív kutatási közelítésmódról, valamint az alkalmazható kvalitatív és kvantitatív módszerekről, miközben betekintést ad a kutatási tevékenység tudományfilozófiai alapjaiba is. Ugyanakkor ez az irodalom többnyire mellőzi a logika kutatásban betöltött szerepét, aminek eredménye nemegyszer hiányos vagy nem megfelelő érvelésként mutatkozik meg doktori disszertációkban, de még kutatáson alapuló tudományos közleményekben is. A nem megfelelő érvelés előfordulása pedig alapvetően arra vezethető vissza, hogy a kutatásmódszertan irodalma, különösen a menedzsmenttudomány területén, a logika mellőzésének következtében nemegyszer nem megfelelően értelmezi az induktív és deduktív érvelés, és így az ilyen jellegű kutatás mibenlétét. A tanulmány alapvető célja, hogy a logika tudományát segítségül hívva rávilágítson az induktív és a deduktív kutatási közelítésmód értelmezésére a menedzsmenttudomány területén. Ez szükségessé teszi a logika – amely az érvelés tudományaként meghatározó szerepet játszik az új tudás létrehozatalában Arisztotelész óta – legalapvetőbb kategóriáinak áttekintését. Ezek alapján pedig lehetőség van a menedzsmenttudomány területére vonatkoztatva újraértelmezni az alapvető kutatástípusokat, a kutatás elemzésének egységét, valamint a tudás-létrehozatal spirál modelljét.
The literature on research methodology generally provides an overview of both inductive and deductive research approaches and the qualitative and quantitative methods that can be used, as well as providing insights into the philosophical foundations of research. However, this literature tends to neglect the role of logic in research, resulting in incomplete or inadequate reasoning in doctoral theses and even in research-based scientific publications. The occurrence of inadequate reasoning is essentially due to the fact that the literature on research methodology, especially in the field of management science, often fails to adequately understand the nature of inductive and deductive reasoning, and thus of this type of research, as a consequence of the neglect of logic. The basic aim of this paper is to use the science of logic to shed light on the interpretation of inductive and deductive approaches to research in the field of management science. This requires an overview of the most basic categories of logic, which, as a science of reasoning, has played a crucial role in the creation of new knowledge since Aristotle. On this basis, it is possible to redefine the basic types of research, the unit of analysis of research, and the spiral model of knowledge creation in the field of management science.
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