A COVID–19 a SARS-CoV-2 vírus által okozott, járványosan terjedő, légúti kiindulású betegség. A kórokozó magas patogenitású, zoonotikus eredetű humán coronavírus, mely hatékonyan terjed emberről emberre cseppfertőzéssel és közeli kontaktussal. A vírusdiagnosztika a légutakból vett minta PCR-vizsgálatán alapul, melynek ismétlésére szükség lehet a fertőzés kizárására. A PCR-eredményt a klinikummal egybe kell vetni, mivel a preszimptomatikus beteg már vírust üríthet, a gyógyultak PCR-pozitivitása pedig hetekig elhúzódik. A terápiás stratégiák két ágát az antivirális gyógyszerek, valamint a hiperinflammációt gátló immunmodulánsok adják. Jelen összefoglalásunk a második azon két társközlemény közül, melyek célja a 2020. május 25-ig elérhető legfőbb nemzetközi és hazai betegséggel kapcsolatos eredmények ismertetése, elsősorban, de nem kizárólag hematológus kollégák számára.
Szabó B. In the middle of a new pandemic – what we know about COVID-19. [Egy új világjárvány közepén – amit eddig a COVID–19-ről tudni vélünk.] Orvostovábbképző Szemle. 2020. [Hungarian]
Sethuraman N, Jeremiah S, Ryo A. Interpreting Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2. JAMA. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Kucirka L, Lauer S, Laeyendecker O, et al. Variation in false-negative rate of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based SARS-CoV-2 tests by time since exposure. Ann Int Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Vasarhelyi B, Kristof K, Ostorhazi E, et al. The diagnostic value of rapid anti IgM and IgG detecting tests in the identification of patients with SARS CoV-2 virus infection. [A specifikus IgM- és IgG-antitesteket detektáló gyorstesztek értéke a SARS CoV-2 vírusfertőzés kimutatásában.] Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(20): 807–812. [Hungarian]
Yun H, Sun Z, Wu J, et al. Laboratory data analysis of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) screening in 2510 patients. Clin Chim Acta. 2020; 507: 94–97. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Frater JL, Zini G, d’Onofrio G, et al. COVID-19 and the clinical hematology laboratory. Int J Lab Hematol. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Thachil J, Tang N, Gando S, et al. Laboratory haemostasis monitoring in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Gao L, Jiang D, Wen XS, et al. Prognostic value of NT-proBNP in patients with severe COVID-19. Respir Res. 2020; 21(1): 83–90.
Kooraki S, Hosseiny M, Myers L, et al. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: What the Department of Radiology Should Know. J Am Coll Radiol. 2020; 17(4): 447–451.
Gandhi RT, Lynch JB, Del Rio C. Mild or Moderate Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Berlin DA, Gulick RM, Martinez FJ. Severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Bassetti M, Giacobbe DR, Aliberti S, et al. Balancing evidence and frontline experience in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: current position of the Italian Society of Anti-infective Therapy (SITA) and the Italian Society of Pulmonology (SIP). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Huttner BD, Catho G, Pano-Pardo JR, et al. COVID-19: don’t neglect antimicrobial stewardship principles! Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Verweij PE, Gangneux J-P, Bassetti M, et al. Diagnosing COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis. The Lancet Microbe. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
WHO. Report of the WHO – China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). 2020.
Korsos A, Kupcsulik S, Lovas A, et al. Diagnostic consideration and bedside estimation of the prognosis in COVID-19 patients. [Diagnosztikus lépések és a betegség prognózisának becslése COVID–19-fertőzött betegeken ] Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 667–671. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020] [Hungarian]
Liang W, Liang H, Ou L, et al. Development and Validation of a Clinical Risk Score to Predict the Occurrence of Critical Illness in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19. JAMA Intern Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Auld S, Caridi-Scheible M, Blum JM, et al. ICU and ventilator mortality among critically ill adults with COVID-19. medRxiv. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Guo L, Wei D, Zhang X, et al. Clinical Features Predicting Mortality Risk in Patients With Viral Pneumonia: The MuLBSTA Score. Front Microbiol. 2019; 10: 2752.
Wynants L, Van Calster B, Bonten MMJ, et al. Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19 infection: systematic review and critical appraisal. BMJ. 2020; 369: m1328.
Ji D, Zhang D, Xu J, et al. Prediction for Progression Risk in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: the CALL Score. Clin Infect Dis. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Liu X, Zhou H, Zhou Y, et al. Risk factors associated with disease severity and length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients. J Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Zheng Z, Peng F, Xu B, et al. Risk factors of critical & mortal COVID-19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
NIH. COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines. Available from: https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/ [accessed: May 25, 2020]
IDSA. COVID-19 Guidelines. Available from: https://www.idsociety.org/public-health/COVID-19-Resource-Center/ [accessed: May 25, 2020]
WHO. “Solidarity” clinical trial for COVID-19 treatments. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/solidarity-clinical-trial-for-covid-19-treatments [accessed: May 25, 2020]
67/2020. (III. 26.) Korm. rendelet az élet- és vagyonbiztonságot veszélyeztető tömeges megbetegedést okozó humánjárvány megelőzése, illetve következményeinek elhárítása, a magyar állampolgárok egészségének és életének megóvása érdekében elrendelt veszélyhelyzet során történő gyógyszerellátással kapcsolatos intézkedésekről. Available from: https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=a2000067.kor [accessed: May 25, 2020]
Vijayvargiya P, Garrigos Z, Castillo Almeida N, et al. Treatment Considerations for COVID-19: A Critical Review of the Evidence (or Lack Thereof). Mayo Clin Proc. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Cell Discov. 2020; 6: 16.
Gao J, Tian Z, Yang X. Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Biosci Trends. 2020; 14(1): 72–73.
Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Sanders JM, Monogue ML, Jodlowski TZ, et al. Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review. JAMA. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Tang W, Cao Z, Han M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine in patients with mainly mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019: open label, randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2020; 369: m1849.
Geleris J, Sun Y, Platt J, et al. Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Rosenberg ES, Dufort EM, Udo T, et al. Association of Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine or Azithromycin With In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 in New York State. JAMA. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Mehra MR, Desai SS, Ruschitzka F et al. Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis. Lancet. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Savarino A, Tarek M. Pharmacokinetic bases of the hydroxychloroquine response in COVID-19: implications for therapy and prevention. medRxiv. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Wu J, Li W, Shi X, et al. Early antiviral treatment contributes to alleviate the severity and improve the prognosis of patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). J Intern Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Hung IF-N, Lung K-C, Tso EY-K, et al. Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir–ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, et al. A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382(19): 1787–1799.
Schoergenhofer C, Jilma B, Stimpfl T, et al. Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir and Ritonavir in Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ann Intern Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Wang Y, Zhang D, Du G, et al. Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2020; 395(10236): 1569–1578.
Li L, Li R, Wu Z, et al. Therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients with COVID-19. Ann Intensive Care. 2020; 10(1): 45.
Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor. Cell. 2020; 181(2): 271–280 e278.
Beigel JH, Tomashek KM, Dodd LE, et al. Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 – Preliminary Report. N Engl J Med. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Ye Q, Wang B, Mao J. The pathogenesis and treatment of the `Cytokine Storm’ in COVID-19. J Infect. 2020; 80(6): 607–613.
Lakatos B, Gopcsa L, Gondos E, et al. Anti-cytokine therapy in novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) – the first administration of tocilizumab in Hungary at a department of infectology. [Citokinellenes terápia az új típusú koronavírus okozta megbetegedés (COVID–19) kezelésében – tocilizumab elsőként való alkalmazása egy hazai infektológiai osztályon]. Orv Hetil. 2020. [in press, Hungarian]
Cantini F, Niccoli L, Matarrese D, et al. Baricitinib therapy in COVID-19: A pilot study on safety and clinical impact. J Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Treon S, Castillo J, Skarbnik A, et al. The BTK-inhibitor ibrutinib may protect against pulmonary injury in COVID-19 infected patients. Blood. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Thibaud S, Tremblay D, Bhalla S, et al. Protective Role of BTK Inhibitors in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and COVID-19. Br J Haematol. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Xie Y, Cao S, Dong H, et al. Effect of regular intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on prognosis of severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19. J Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Duan K, Liu B, Li C, et al. Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020; 117(17): 9490–9496.
Rajendran K, Krishnasamy N, Rangarajan J, et al. Convalescent plasma transfusion for the treatment of COVID-19: Systematic review. J Med Virol. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
HVG. Öt nap után lekerült a lélegeztetőgépről az első plazmaterápiával kezelt beteg. Available from: https://hvg.hu/itthon/20200509_valyinagy_istvan_interju_delpesticentrumkorhaz_foigazgato_verplazmaterapia_innovativ_terapia_koronavirus. [accessed: May 25, 2020]
Lekerült a lélegeztetőgépről egy COVID-19 beteg a vérplazmaterápia után a Semmelweis Egyetemen. Available from: https://semmelweis.hu/hirek/2020/05/13/lekerult-a-lelegeztetogeprol-a-covid-19-beteg-a-verplazmaterapianak-koszonhetoen-a-semmelweis-egyetemen/. [accessed: May 25, 2020]
Zhao RC. Stem cell-based therapy for coronavirus disease 2019. Stem Cells Dev. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Zumla A, Wang FS, Ippolito G, et al. Reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with severe COVID-19 disease by advancing ongoing trials of Mesenchymal Stromal (stem) Cell (MSC) therapy – achieving global consensus and visibility for cellular host-directed therapies. Int J Infect Dis. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Bari E, Ferrarotti I, Saracino L, et al. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Severe COVID-19 Infections: Premises for the Therapeutic Use. Cells. 2020; 9(4): 1–24.
Rogers CJ, Harman RJ, Bunnell BA, et al. Rationale for the clinical use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for COVID-19 patients. J Transl Med. 2020; 18(1): 203.
Leung W, Soh TG, Linn YC, et al. Succesful manufacturing of clinical-grade SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells for adoptive cell therapy. medRxiv. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Cevik M, Bamford CGG, Ho A. COVID-19 pandemic – a focused review for clinicians. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Thachil J, Tang N, Gando S, et al. ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost. 2020; 18(5): 1023–1026.
Casini A, Alberio L, Angelillo-Scherrer A, et al. Thromboprophylaxis and laboratory monitoring for in-hospital patients with COVID-19 – a Swiss consensus statement by the Working Party Hemostasis. Swiss Med Wkly. 2020; 150: w20247.
Zhai Z, Li C, Chen Y, et al. Prevention and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Consensus Statement before Guidelines. Thromb Haemost. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Bikdeli B, Madhavan MV, Jimenez D, et al. COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: Implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Barnes G, Burnett A, Allen A, et al. Thromboembolism and anticoagulant therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: Interim clinical guidance from the anticoagulation forum. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
EMMI. Egészségügyi Szakmai Kollégium Hematológiai és Transzfuziológiai Tagozatának és munkacsoportjának ajánlása COVID– 19 eljárásrenddel kapcsolatban. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Willan J, King AJ, Hayes S, et al. Care of haematology patients in a COVID-19 epidemic. Br J Haematol. 2020; 189(2): 241–243.
Mussetti A, Maluquer C, Albasanz-Puig A, et al. Handling the COVID-19 pandemic in the oncological setting. Lancet Haematol. 2020; 7(5): e365–e366.
He Y, Lin Z, Tang D, et al. Strategic plan for management of COVID-19 in paediatric haematology and oncology departments. Lancet Haematol. 2020; 7(5): e359–e362.
Sainati L, Biffi A. How we deal with the COVID-19 epidemic in an Italian paediatric onco-haematology clinic located in a region with a high density of cases. Br J Haematol. 2020; 189(4): 640–642.
von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Vehreschild JJ, Cornely O, et al. Frequently asked questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients – recommendations for clinicians caring for patients with malignant diseases. Leukemia. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Al Saleh AS, Sher T, Gertz MA. Multiple Myeloma in the Time of COVID-19. Acta Haematol. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Raza A, Assal A, Ali AM, et al. Rewriting the rules for care of MDS and AML patients in the time of COVID-19. Leuk Res Rep. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Perini GF, Fischer T, Gaiolla RD, et al. How to manage lymphoid malignancies during novel 2019 coronavirus (CoVid-19) outbreak: a Brazilian task force recommendation. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Ljungman P, Mikulska M, de la Camara R, et al. The challenge of COVID-19 and hematopoietic cell transplantation; EBMT recommendations for management of hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, their donors, and patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Paul S, Rausch CR, Jain N, et al. Treating Leukemia in the Time of COVID-19. Acta Haematol. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Weinkove R, McQuilten ZK, Adler J, et al. Managing haematology and oncology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: interim consensus guidance. Med J Aust. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
Gavillet M, Carr Klappert J, Spertini O, et al. Acute leukemia in the time of COVID-19. Leuk Res. 2020; 92: 106353.
Terpos E, Engelhardt M, Cook G, et al. Management of patients with multiple myeloma in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: a consensus paper from the European Myeloma Network (EMN). Leukemia. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]
EMMI. Egészségügyi Szakmai Kollégium Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Tagozatának és munkacsoportjának ajánlása COVID-19 eljárásrenddel kapcsolatban. 2020.
Treibel TA, Manisty C, Burton M, et al. COVID-19: PCR screening of asymptomatic health-care workers at London hospital. Lancet. 2020; 395: 1608–1610.
Black JRM, Bailey C, Przewrocka J, et al. COVID-19: the case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission. Lancet. 2020; 395: 1418–1420.
Bloch EM, Shoham S, Casadevall A, et al. Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. J Clin Invest. 2020. [epub, accessed: May 25, 2020]